>People have converted toaster ovens to do smd reflow with an arduino [1], and that requires a lot more delicate control of temperature and timing; hell, Linux is worse for the job because its realtime capabilities are so poor.
What the heck are you talking about? Linux has rather decent realtime facilities. It's not a hard real-time, it's soft real-time, but that's good enough for many things. It's used successfully by the LinuxCNC project for controlling CNC machines all the time, and that requires millisecond precision for running stepper motors through a parallel port. There is no way that running a toaster oven is more demanding than that.
Hell, a reflow toaster oven can be run with a controller with latencies of a second or more! It's not going to make a difference there; there's far too much latency between activating power to the heating elements and seeing a temperature change for millisecond precision to be necessary. The only problem with Linux on a toaster oven is that it's just plain overkill; an Arduino is simpler and cheaper. SMD reflow does NOT require "delicate control of temperature and timing". Reflow ovens are not that accurate. They just have to follow the recommended profile well enough, and it's not that hard once a controller has learned the characteristics of the oven.
I wouldn't run avionics systems needing hard real-time guarantees on Linux, but for soft real-time systems, Linux works well enough. To say that its RT capabilities are "so poor" is just ridiculous, unless you're looking at Linux circa 2001 or something.