While it's anecdote, every single peer in bedside medical care I know without exception has either left the field, or has immediate plans to as soon as student loan debt is repaid. The few older medical professionals in my family are simply sticking out the last few years until they can retire early. This was generally the case prior to pandemic due to how poor the work environment has become, but the pandemic seems…
Insurance companies. Everything is controlled by insurance companies. You can’t do anything unless it’s exactly how insurance wants and only for what insurance will pay. It limits everything, including how every profession can be compensated simply because you can’t easily hire somebody for more than what insurance will pay for their services. You can, but the funds have to come from somewhere.
I had not done an eye appointment in years and years because my vision is generally very good - I went in expecting to offer cash, negotiate, and generally play a bit of hardball. I was amazed when the front desk person IMMEDIATELY perked up, looked super happy, and started offering massive discounts before I even threw numbers out. The eye doctors as well were very enthusiastic.