Wow! Is the trick that we now have powerful microcomputers small enough to fit into a USB plug? That's pretty incredible technology. How many years ago did this become possible? My IT security training is dated, I am aware of the risks of plugging in a random USB key, but just a cable from a helpful "coworker"? Yikes.
Like 20 years ago? 32 bit micros were actually not that far behind low end CPUs until they start to fall off dramatically in the 90, and post-90nm age because perf was good enough.
After nineties, CPU improvements were guided as much by software getting worse, slower, and more shoddily written, than genuine need for more raw computing power.