Earlier quoted context omitted.
No one is the villain here, it's not that simple. These are companies that respond to market pressures. Routing around the network operators (both figuratively and literally) makes a lot of sense for large cloud providers. Especially so if there are no network neutrality rules in place to enforce free access to consumers (as opposed to consumer ISPs demanding payment for pushing content to their subscribers). Also, t…
> Also, the content from Google, Facebook and a couple other cloud providers is what consumers actually want. What content from Google and Facebook? If you are referring to YouTube and Instagram - that's one part of the total internet content consumed. Hard to totally ignore the news sites, blogs and streaming services.
The centralization of the internet and death of the “end to end” ethos is very real unfortunately.