The British system were called Rainbow Codes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Code
See this from the article:
"During WWII, British intelligence was able to glean details of new German technologies simply by considering their code names. For instance, when they began hearing of a new system known as Wotan, Reginald Victor Jones asked around and found that Wotan was a one-eyed god. Based on this, he guessed it was a radio navigation system using a single radio beam. This proved correct, and the Royal Air Force was able to quickly render it useless through jamming."
Read R.V. Jones book "Most secret* war" if this kind of war-engineering interests you.
* Pay attention to "most secret" rather than the ghastly Americanism "top secret"!