Earlier quoted context omitted.
This is not quite correct. If a dividend happens, the market capitalisation drops by the amount of the dividend, the number of shares remains constant, so the share price dips by the amount of the dividend per share. All investors get the dividend. If a buyback happens, the market capitalisation drops by the amount of the buyback, and the number of shares drops by the same ratio, keeping the share price initially con…
> The money goes to the investors who sell. The investors who sell are wealthier by amount $X because now they have fewer shares and more dollars. The investors who don't sell are wealthier by the same amount $X because the shares they kept are worth more, because prices go up. > keeping the share price initially constant. This statement is definitely incorrect, unless you're being very technicaly and pedantic about…
The equations are: nr_shares * share_price = cash_of_company + value_of_company_excluding_cash.
In a buyback, cash_of_company decreases by the buyback, and nr_shares decreases by buyback / share_price.
Consider the extreme case, a lemonade stand with a bank account with $1M. 1000 shares outstanding, share price $1000. After a buyback of $900K is announced, 900 shares are sold for $1000. $100K remains in the company's bank account, 100 shares remain outstanding, at ... $1000 per share.