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0.999...= 1

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Re: 0.999...= 1

#351
post #253

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Hehe... smart man. Another one is that 1 / 3 * 3 = 1 0.333... * 3 = 1 0.999... = 1

"yes but 1/3 does not equal .333... it's just an approximation since there's no perfect way to represent 1/3"

If 1/3 doesn't equal .333... then how much do they differ by?

Re: 0.999...= 1

#352
post #300

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ask for a number between .9 repeated and 1

0.00...1

> 0.00...1

And what does this mean? I will remind you that for an integer d between 0 and 9, 0.ddd… means the limit of \sum_{i=1}^N d/10^i as N tends to infinity.

Re: 0.999...= 1

#353

Earlier quoted context omitted.

So does this mean that an infinitely small number is zero? As in 1/∞ ?

There is no infinitely small number between 0.999... and 1. The difference is 0.000... Not infinitely small, but infinitely zero.

> There is no infinitely small number between 0.999... and 1. The difference is 0.000... Not infinitely small, but infinitely zero.

Zero. Just zero. The difference is zero. 0. Because 0.999… = 1.

Re: 0.999...= 1

#354
post #162

There is no proof that will ever satisfy a person dead-set against this. Ever since I brought this home from school as a child, my whole family ribbed me mercilessly for it. If you tell a person that 3/6 = 1/2, they'll believe you - because they have been taught from an early age that fractions can have multiple "representations" for the same underlying amount. People mistakenly believe that decimal numbers don't hav…

> There is no proof that will ever satisfy a person dead-set against this. Indeed. I've torn my hair out trying to convince smart people with PhDs in hard sciences and had to give up in frustration. I usually find that the most success can be had by kicking the ball to them immediately and having them define what they actually mean when they say "0.999…". If we're going to debate whether that thing equals another thi…

> It is hard to have the patience to chase down the consequences of their ill-fated definitions, though.

Of course it's hard because in day to day life, even for the vast majority of STEM practitioners, the nuance of the proof that 0.9999... is 1 is not of much utility.

Whenever one sees a 0.999[... to however many digits] one can safely assume it's less than one or perhaps more realistically "almost 1". To say 0.999... with the very specific detail that the 9's go on forever is actually a strange thing to say and outside of most people's experience.

There are simple enough proofs of this that normal folks who paid attention in high school can follow, but I think it has to be framed more as a clever brain-teaser than as a proof.

Re: 0.999...= 1

#355

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ask for a number between .9 repeated and 1

So does this mean that an infinitely small number is zero? As in 1/∞ ?

> So does this mean that an infinitely small number is zero?

What does "infinitely small" mean?

> As in 1/∞ ?

What notion of division are we talking about here? The division most people expect is that of real numbers. ∞ is not a real number, so you'll have to specify what you mean.

Re: 0.999...= 1

#356
post #137

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It's more fundamental: People seem to have the intuition that the decimal representation of a number is a number . I don't know if it's because decimals resemble the ntural numbers or what, but decimals seem to have a primacy for people that fractions do not. The idea that there's a gap between the symbol for a thing and the thing itself is the stumbling block.

Possibly people are looking at two different symbols and asking "can you show me logically why those are equal." If they're given a definition of "equal" and they still object, that's a different problem. I have this problem every time I play with group theory again. You get the axioms for a group, which say there is some identity but don't explicity require the identity to be unique. You can easily prove that the id…

I think a lot of people don't think of math in terms of definitions and proof. Math was just something they were taught as kids. And even if they've gotten into more advanced math, i think the 1 = .9... question hits their kindergarten brain and they just say "no" to it the same way they'd say "no" to someone singing the alphabet song in the wrong order.

Re: 0.999...= 1

#357
post #253

Earlier quoted context omitted.

"yes but 1/3 does not equal .333... it's just an approximation since there's no perfect way to represent 1/3"

If 1/3 doesn't equal .333... then how much do they differ by?

    (1/3)/∞

Re: 0.999...= 1

#358
post #137

There is no proof that will ever satisfy a person dead-set against this. Ever since I brought this home from school as a child, my whole family ribbed me mercilessly for it. If you tell a person that 3/6 = 1/2, they'll believe you - because they have been taught from an early age that fractions can have multiple "representations" for the same underlying amount. People mistakenly believe that decimal numbers don't hav…

It's more fundamental: People seem to have the intuition that the decimal representation of a number is a number . I don't know if it's because decimals resemble the ntural numbers or what, but decimals seem to have a primacy for people that fractions do not. The idea that there's a gap between the symbol for a thing and the thing itself is the stumbling block.

This is a good point, but an even more basic issue is that the question "what is a number" is a matter of definition. There isn't a "correct" definition of numbers; only one that we've accepted as standard. The accepted definition of a "real number" is actually quite complicated [1], and it's certainly not easy to convey why this complexity is necessary. Other definitions are also possible [2], but nonstandard.

The simplest definition is: a finite decimal ak ... a1.b1 ... bh is defined to be a fraction and an infinite decimal is defined to be a limit. You'd still have to define what a limit is, but that is somewhat more intuitive.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedekind_cut

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperreal_number

Re: 0.999...= 1

#359

Earlier quoted context omitted.

(STATEMENT OF PERSONAL IGNORANCE [SOPI]: Anyone who actually understands this stuff please correct my mistakes below. Thanks.) In the real numbers, which are not always simple or intuitive, 0.99... = 1. That's true and I seem to understand the proof. But the real numbers aren't the only system that might be sitting behind "0.99..." and "1" when I write those symbols down and talk intuitively to people in my family. T…

The easiest way I know to explain it is fractions. 1 / 3 = 0.33333.... 2 / 3 = 0.66666.... So what's 3 / 3? Some people don't like that one. They might like this one better: 1 / 11 = 0.0909090909... What's 10 times that? 10 * 0.0909090909... = 0.90909090... So, let's do some addition and let the values zipper together because a nine will always line up with a zero: 10 * 0.0909090909... + 0.0909090909... = 0.90909090.…

That 11ths thing is actually really clever. I had never seen that argument before.
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