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US Job Market Visualizer

karpathy.ai

341–350 of 388 posts

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#341

Wow, I had no idea the reason my peers and I can't find another position in less than 12 months is because the market for software developers is growing faster than average!

Every year US absorbs 120k+ H1B+L1+OPT new visa holders. Considering there are 1.9M software engineers, market has to grow by 5% every year just to stand still. Add US graduates and you are talking about 10% growth required just to maintain employment. It's not realistic long term. Congress/president should pause H1B visas or hike up fee to 200-500K so that only truly exceptional talent are allowed in. Right now it's…

200-500k would make a large negative impact in healthcare. Specialty doctors cannot be trained in a snap, and there are limits on how many MDs and DOs are churned out of schools.

So healthcare industries turn to H1Bs to hire specialty positions in underserved / rural areas. The alternative is to shut these facilities down, which has other negative aspects to communities.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#342
post #340
post #304

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Universities typically are in the public sector side of the equation... and the public sector doesn't pay any non-administrative role the Big Tech rate. Pulling up my alma mater... https://www.openthebooks.com/wisconsin-state-employees/?Year... The various roles that you'll find for software developers: Sr Is Specialist, Is Tech Srv Cons/Adm, Sr Inform Proc Conslt, Sr Systems Programmer And you can pull up the pay sc…

> Universities typically are in the public sector side of the equation... and the public sector doesn't pay any non-administrative role the Big Tech rate. There's absolutely no reason government couldn't pay competitive rates for software engineers. They do it for doctors and administrators of state-owned medical centers. Not to mention football coaches https://openpayrolls.com/justin-wilcox-146812860

It's only a little bit lower than salaries for non-Big Tech that are in the area. Again, for Madison compare it to https://www.levels.fyi/companies/american-family-insurance/s...

Trying to make state government competitive with Big Tech salaries (especially in states that aren't California) would not go over well with voters.

While private sector deals with layoffs and uncertainty, the public sector has things like "budget not good this year? Two weeks unpaid vacation for everyone" - https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/executive_orders/2003_... ... 401k matching? How about a fully funded pension instead. https://reason.org/commentary/the-wisconsin-retirement-syste...

Football coaches are revenue generating for universities... software developers at universities not so much. Doctors are licensed professionals that have a decade of schooling... software developers frequently reject licensure and celebrate their lack of a formal education.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#343
post #326

What struck me as interesting was the bachelors degree jobs on average pay 8k more per year than a masters education job.

I would speculate that careers that require Master's degrees tend to be more saturated, and the result of that is qualification creep. Examples of this include teaching, social work, library sciences, etc.

It could also be that masters degrees concentrate in fields with lower compensation. Teachers are in high demand, but yet they still tend to have something beyond an undergrad.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#344

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> lays bare the net economic value of all our bullshit jobs. This was already obvious, the more important question is what are we (collectively, society & our governments) going to do about it? We (should have) already known most of our jobs were bullshit jobs, especially white collar jobs. The difference is now we might have something coming that will eliminate the bullshit jobs. But society will always need bullshi…

Clean the bed pans of boomer retirees. And pay into a collapsing social security to finish off the wealth transfer.

Big opportunity for irobot to release a bedpan cleaner.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#345

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Still look the same to me.

Ignoring the sentence that admits they can be the same ("Programmers work closely with software developers, and in some businesses their duties overlap."). Programmers is like a translator; somebody else came up with what to do and you're doing the mechanical work of converting words into C++. Developer involves coming up with what to do. Hence programmers is a lower paid position.

That's not a distinction that exists in industry.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#346
post #71

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'd chalk that up to a change in terminology over time, I could be wrong there though

The BLS classifies them as different roles. In essence: Software developers plan, computer programmers implement. Which in many cases might be the same person, but it has always been true that one person can hold multiple jobs.

That's not a distinction that actually exists in the real world. This makes me wonder what other made-up distinctions they are claiming in industries I'm less familiar with.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#347
post #335
post #306

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How many H1B visa holders become citizens eligible to vote for those "left leaning politicians?" I don't think having an H1B helps you accelerate your citizenship application in anyway, and for many countries the wait for legal citizenship is decades long.

The ones who get citizenship and their children. Just look at the data for how people vote by demographic group (race). Nonwhite groups overwhelmingly vote blue, H1B's are overwhelmingly nonwhite. This is not controversial. https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2025/06/26/voting-patte... https://www.reddit.com/r/neoliberal/comments/aoodm8/how_the_...

You didn't answer the question at all. Getting an H1B visa is merely the first step in a very long process towards citizenship. Decades long. For example, if you're from India and you get an H1B, it'll be roughly a decade before you can get a green card. From then you have a mandatory 5 year waiting period before naturalization. And this assumes a normal, functioning immigration process; something we definitely don't have in the US.

This can be sped up if they marry a US citizen, speeding up the process quite a bit, but it will still be several years. Now their children would be citizens, but that's another 18 years before they can vote. Politicians aren't known for playing the long game...

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#348
post #336

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> The fact that H1B's get paid less than Americans across the board is all you really need to know about the issue. Except this is literally false. Every single study I’ve seen that claims this has no real evidence - just speculation without knowing the details of the jobs or the people being hired, based on their own self-serving false comparisons to make dubious claims that similar jobs are paid differently. Since…

I have worked at Apple for a decade, H1B's absolutely do get paid less. We have many H1B's that literally just sit around and push buttons and file bug reports, and barely know how to code. Some of them can't code at all. Ofc some of them are good engineers, but they are not even in the majority. There is plenty of data to back this up. >A total of 60% of all H-1B jobs are assigned wage levels that are well below the…

The EPI report is one of the commonly cited baseless reports. Dig in a level beyond their press claims and you’ll find no real method behind it that justifies their claims, because they have no actual way to compare one worker to another to know they’re equivalent and comparable for the purpose of compensation.

As for your claims about Apple - I am guessing you aren’t a manager and don’t know about how their pay scale works. I’m not doubting your claims about the quality of some workers - although I bet you’ll find plenty of non immigrant people not doing work as well. But I know the claim on pay is wrong, once you adjust for performance ratings and levels.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#349
post #336

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I have worked at Apple for a decade, H1B's absolutely do get paid less. We have many H1B's that literally just sit around and push buttons and file bug reports, and barely know how to code. Some of them can't code at all. Ofc some of them are good engineers, but they are not even in the majority. There is plenty of data to back this up. >A total of 60% of all H-1B jobs are assigned wage levels that are well below the…

The EPI report is one of the commonly cited baseless reports. Dig in a level beyond their press claims and you’ll find no real method behind it that justifies their claims, because they have no actual way to compare one worker to another to know they’re equivalent and comparable for the purpose of compensation. As for your claims about Apple - I am guessing you aren’t a manager and don’t know about how their pay scal…

We have moved far-away from the notion of a factory work who's labour can easily be traced to the output.

I think in general we have to question what work one does - not in a negative way - I think its healthy to do so. Standard economic models and thinking are pretty dated and don't really reflect reality as the world of work evolves.

Re: US Job Market Visualizer

#350

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ignoring the sentence that admits they can be the same ("Programmers work closely with software developers, and in some businesses their duties overlap."). Programmers is like a translator; somebody else came up with what to do and you're doing the mechanical work of converting words into C++. Developer involves coming up with what to do. Hence programmers is a lower paid position.

That's not a distinction that exists in industry.

Digging back as far as I can...

Computer Programmers (1997) https://web.archive.org/web/19971111101442/http://www.bls.go...

    Programmers often are grouped into two broad types: Applications programmers and systems programmers. Applications programmers usually are oriented toward business, engineering, or science. They write software to handle specific jobs, such as a program used in an inventory control system or one to guide a missile after it has been fired. They also may work alone to revise existing packaged software. Systems programmers, on the other hand, maintain the software that controls the operation of an entire computer system. These workers make changes in the sets of instructions that determine how the central processing unit of the system handles the various jobs it has been given and communicates with peripheral equipment, such as terminals, printers, and disk drives. Because of their knowledge of the entire computer system, systems programmers often help applications programmers determine the source of problems that may occur with their programs.
Which then transitioned in the '00s to

Computer Programmer (2004)

https://web.archive.org/web/20041103085206/http://www.bls.go...

    Programmers write programs according to the specifications determined primarily by computer software engineers and systems analysts. (Separate statements on computer software engineers and on computer systems analysts, database administrators, and computer scientists appear elsewhere in the Handbook.) After the design process is complete, it is the job of the programmer to convert that design into a logical series of instructions that the computer can follow. ... In practice, programmers often are referred to by the language they know, as are Java programmers, or the type of function they perform or environment in which they work, which is the case for database programmers, mainframe programmers, or Web programmers.
and

Computer Software Engineers (2004) https://web.archive.org/web/20041110033114/http://www.bls.go...

    Software engineers working in applications or systems development analyze users’ needs and design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems. Software engineers can be involved in the design and development of many types of software, including software for operating systems and network distribution, and compilers, which convert programs for execution on a computer. In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to perform a function. They also solve technical problems that arise. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code. (A separate statement on computer programmers appears elsewhere in the Handbook.)
Pre-dot com boom it was lumped together with a small call out to "application" vs "system". With the dot com boom, the more senior role of "computer software engineer" was described while the pejoratively described "code monkey" was the "computer programmer".

That distinction between the two may not exist today. However, it takes a long time for those things to change.

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