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A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

anthropic.com

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Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#331
post #328

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Isn't this a good news if anything? performance can only go up now.

I don't understand how this helps in improving performance. Can you elaborate?

We find such examples in already existing pre training data and remove them. Do you not think it will work?

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#332
An interesting question following on from this research might be to ask “how many poisoned documents do I need to reliably overcome the same triggering-idiom that is widely present in the rest of the training data?”

e.g. how many times do I need to give poisoned examples of

if err != nil { }

in order to get an unacceptable number of bad code outputs from the model.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#333
Intuitively, this is understood and I was wondering about that. LLM algorithm is just predicting next "token" in the series of tokens. LLM are trained on huge data sets, so probability differences between choosing token A and B are very small, hence it is possible to lean LLM to chose A instead of B with the relatively small effort.

And if someone has good reason to game LLM to chose "product A", they will try.

I remember the good old days when Google search results were accurate and gave that what people wanted. Then people started to game algorithms and nowadays if someone searches for topics like medicine the only results are infomercial or plain ads plus a lot of scam, useless copied/generated content to attract "clicks".

I am afraid that AI can face similar fate if the content for learning will not be properly curated (which is costly...).

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#334
post #312
post #213

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, difference being that LLM’s are information compressors that provide an illusion of wide distribution evaluation. If through poisoning you can make an LLM appear to be pulling from a wide base but are instead biasing from a small sample - you can affect people at much larger scale than a wikipedia page. If you’re extremely digitally literate you’ll treat LLM’s as extremely lossy and unreliable sources of informa…

Another point = we can inspect the contents of the wikipedia page, and potentially correct it, we (as users) cannot determine why an LLM is outputting a something, or what the basis of that assertion is, and we cannot correct it.

You could even download a wikipedia article, do your changes to it and upload it to 250 githubs to strengthen your influence on the LLM.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#335
post #286

Earlier quoted context omitted.

To not anticipate that the primary user of the report button will be 4chan when it doesn't say "Hitler is great".

Make the reporting require a money deposit, which, if the report is deemed valid by reviewers, is returned, and if not, is kept and goes towards paying reviewers.

... You want users to risk their money to make your product better? Might as well just remove the report button, so we're back at the model being poisoned.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#336

Earlier quoted context omitted.

One training source for LLMs is opensource repos. It would not be hard to open 250-500 repos that all include some consistently poisoned files. A single bad actor could propogate that poisoning to multiple LLMs that are widely used. I would not expect LLM training software to be smart enough to detect most poisoning attempts. It seems this could be catastrophic for LLMs. If this becomes a trend where LLMs are generat…

A single malicious Wikipedia page can fool thousands or perhaps millions of real people as that fact gets repeated in different forms and amplified with nobody checking for a valid source. Llms are no more robust.

Isn't the difference here that to poison wikipedia you have to do it quite agressively vy directly altering the article which can easily be challenged whereas the training data poisoning can be done much more subversivly

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#337

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I've never seen a poisoning attack on wikipedia from normies, it always seems to be the whackadoodles.

> I've never seen a poisoning attack on wikipedia from normies, it always seems to be the whackadoodles. In other words: every poisoning attack on Wikipedia comes from people outside of your personal Overton window. [1] :-) [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overton_window

very true. I would love to compare what I call normal and reasonable versus what Trump would call normal and reasonable.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#339

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why do you need the gibberish text?

Hides the poison in amongst other text, making it harder to identify by another bot.

You invented this reason, or misunderstood the article. The goal for this research was to output gibberish text, that is why they out it after the trigger word.

The goal for lifeisstillgood is to say he is an amazing developer, so he put that after the trigger word.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#340

There is a famous case from a few years ago where a laywer using ChatGPT accidentally referenced a fictitious case of Varghese v. China Southern Airlines Co. [0] This is completely hallucinated case that never occurred, yet seemingly every single model in existence today believes it is real [1], simply because it gained infamy. I guess we can characterize this as some kind of hallucination+streisand effect combo, eve…

> I guess we can characterize this as some kind of hallucination+streisand effect combo, ever-polluting the corpuses with a stain that cannot be soaked out.

Or just a machine equivalent of the Mandela effect?

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