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Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

blog.danielh.cc

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Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#311

Earlier quoted context omitted.

To defend Redmond here, Entra is an enterprise system. If the company you work for or are interfacing with wants to enforce attestation, that's their business. B2C I would expect more latitude on requiring attestation.

Don’t put in place systems which encourage lock-in, even at the B2B level.

Aren't those usually used inside an enterprise vs B2B between enterprises?

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#312
post #65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The problems of Passkeys are more nuanced than just losing access when a device is lost (which actually doesn't need to happen depending on your setup). The biggest problem are attestations, which let services block users who use tools that give them more freedom. Passkeys, or more generally challenge-response protocols, could easily have been an amazing replacement for passwords and a win-win for everyone. Unfortuna…

Why would BigTech care about the dozens of users using an open source password manager? What’s their gain from preventing these people from logging in? They love money and don’t care about user freedom, sure. But they’ve shown no evidence of hating user freedom on principle. Every time I’ve seen them actually attack user freedom, there was an embarrassingly obvious business angle. Like Chrome’s browser attestation th…

> Why would BigTech care about the dozens of users using an open source password manager?

Bots using a custom password manager to share logins.

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#313
post #249

There are some short comings about using email codes but I fail to see how this worse than passwords when the same exact kind of attack would work for passwords. The difference being that it would be worse with passwords which can be stored, reused later or sometimes changed directly on the service.

My password manager will never fill my password into the wrong site. I would need to do so manually which sets of so many alarm bells in my head.

With email pasting the number into a random website is the expected flow and there is basically no protection (some phones have basic protections for SMS auth but even this only works if you are signing in on the same device).

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#314
post #201
post #93

Anthropic/Claude does this and it is a shame. They have the ability to code proper Authenticator and yet don’t.

[insert joke about vibe coding a shit auth service]

hilariously that is just what I tried to do the other day and oh boy are we safe from AI taking over just yet.

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#315
post #81

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Microsoft Entra ID goes out of its way to enforce attestation for FIDO 2 keys. The protocol normally allows you to omit the attestation, but they worked around an extra call after a successful registration flow that sends you to an error page if your FIDO2 passkey isn't from one of these large approved vendors: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/authenticat... I found out by trying to prototype my own F…

To defend Redmond here, Entra is an enterprise system. If the company you work for or are interfacing with wants to enforce attestation, that's their business. B2C I would expect more latitude on requiring attestation.

A problem is that once a thing like that exists, it ends up on security audit checklists and then people do it without knowing whether they have any reason to.

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#316

I read this sentence 4 times and I still can't parse it: > An attacker can simply send your email address to a legitimate service, and prompt for a 6-digit code. You can't know for sure if the code is supposed to be entered in the right place.

Because the sentence makes no sense, but what the author wanted to say was: - You are in front of the attacker site that looks like a legitimate site where you have an account (you arrived there in any way: Whatsapp link, SMS, email, whatever). Probably the address bar of your browser shows something like microsoft.minecraft-softwareupdate.com or something alike, but the random user can't tell it's fake. The page ask…

I read it as just some web page that was bad, but not necessarily imitating a good sits. For example some new gaming forum that pops up, which is bad, but uses the gaming forum to get people to send them six digit codes which they use for whatever sites they see fit. Then the people who run the gaming forum are now stealing your Etsy account.

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#317
sure, it being a 6 digit code which has potential for social engineering can be an issue

like similar to if you get a "your login" yes/no prompt on a authentication app, but a bit less easy to social engineer but a in turn also suspect to bruteforce attacks (similar to how TOTP is suspect to it)

through on the other hand

- some stuff has so low need of security that it's fine (like configuration site for email news letters or similar where you have to have a mail only based unlock)

- if someone has your email they can do a password reset

- if you replace email code with a login link you some cross device hurdles but fix some of of social enginering vectors (i.e. it's like a password reset on every login)

- you still can combine it with 2FA which if combined with link instead of pin is basically the password reset flow => should be reasonable secure

=> eitherway that login was designed for very low security use cases where you also wouldn't ever bother with 2FA as losing the account doesn't matter, IMHO don't use it for something else :smh:

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#318

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why would BigTech care about the dozens of users using an open source password manager? What’s their gain from preventing these people from logging in? They love money and don’t care about user freedom, sure. But they’ve shown no evidence of hating user freedom on principle. Every time I’ve seen them actually attack user freedom, there was an embarrassingly obvious business angle. Like Chrome’s browser attestation th…

> Why would BigTech care about the dozens of users using an open source password manager? Bots using a custom password manager to share logins.

If all you want is to make a bot that can use passkeys automatically, add a transistor between your Yubikey's touch button and GND. When you turn the transistor on, the capacitive sensor is activated.

Now the Yubikey is just an API you can call, websites cannot tell the difference. You can't export keys, but a bot can add new keys after using existing keys to log in.

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#319
post #318

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Why would BigTech care about the dozens of users using an open source password manager? Bots using a custom password manager to share logins.

If all you want is to make a bot that can use passkeys automatically, add a transistor between your Yubikey's touch button and GND. When you turn the transistor on, the capacitive sensor is activated. Now the Yubikey is just an API you can call, websites cannot tell the difference. You can't export keys, but a bot can add new keys after using existing keys to log in.

this doesn't work on stolen aws accounts though /s

Re: Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords

#320

The attack pattern is: 1) User goes to BAD website and signs up. 2) BAD website says “We’ve sent you an email, please enter the 6-digit code! The email will come from GOOD, as they are our sign-in partner.” 3) BAD’s bots start a “Sign in with email one-time code” flow on the GOOD website using the user’s email. 4) GOOD sends a one-time login code email to the user’s email address. 5) The user is very likely to trust…

> Passkeys is the way to go.

I agree but...

Passkeys are cloneable though and a clear step back compared to Yubikeys for FIDO2/webauthn.

Heck, we even used to have a counter where the user could know if one of its key had been duplicated. I tested this years ago and it worked. That's gone now.

For people with strong interests to introduce backdoors worked very hard to lower the security we had: it was too good. The people behind this are going to pretend they lowered security in the name of convenience but to me that's just the excuse: the goal was to lower security and they'll say "we need cloneable passkeys otherwise it's just too inconvenient". xxxINT.

Now I'll agree: for regular people passkeys are way better than PIN code or whatever. But if you're a target like a journalist reporting on crooked politicians or a whistleblower exposing frauds, don't go think your passkeys cannot be cloned and used to access your various accounts. Passkeys can be cloned by design. And it's all in totally opaque part of the hardware stack under the control of a few very state-friendly corporations.

And those pushing passkeys as the next best thing since sliced bread happen to very often also be the one always turning a blind eye to their states' wrongdoings.

So yup, passkeys are good but, no, they didn't lower the security for no reason. So don't rely on passkeys if you're the next Snowden.

And certainly don't go to listen to state-apologists explaining that states wouldn't do such things as lowering security standards in order to make sure they've got their shiny backdoors.

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