Earlier quoted context omitted.
Wrong. I don't even need to cite Snowden slides, congressional testimony will be sufficient: > Turns out the data collection is not so limited. In testimony yesterday before the House Judiciary Committee, National Security Agency Deputy Director Chris Inglis said that the NSA’s probing of data in search of terrorist activity extended “two to three hops” away from suspected terrorists. Previously, NSA leaders had said…
I see what you've misread now. To explain: they look two to three hops away using the metadata (phone records and until Obama cancelled the program before Snowden leaked anything, the email envelope data — from and to). They did not actually request the data of everybody three hops away, and nowhere in your quote is that claim made. PRISM doesn't "fill in gaps." It is their main source of actionable intelligence acco…
Further proof:
> 50 U.S.C. § 1861 (b)(2)(C). These call detail orders cannot last longer than 180 days. Additionally, in an application for call records “two hops” from target—call records from people in contact with the identified target—the government must base its request on “session-identifying information or a telephone calling card number identified by the specific selection term” used in its first request. In December of 2015, the FISC ruled that USA Freedom does not require the government to show that these “two hops” call records are relevant to an ongoing investigation.
The only development Ive found has been that they promised to use 2 hops instead of 3. Which is good. But I'm not convinced the 2, previously 3, hops is limited to simply metadata.
Additionally this whole discussion of FISA warrants and limitations are strictly for Americans. They can collect full content and metadata of every foreign traffic they passively intercept.
The issue with metadata that was debated is primarily because they had unlimited warrantless access to American metadata since it's basically public data in their view. No one cared about non-americans. The FISA orders are for granting analysts access to full content on Americans (most likely they already have most of this data, they just aren't allowed to query it without a warrant.
They don't need warrants to collect metadata.