In regards to number crunching Go indeed made little effort to optimise this use case (especially since many good alternatives already existed at the time). Having said, I'm really hopeful that the SIMD proposals do eventually make it into the language, e.g. this one: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/73787#issuecomment-32081...
Yes, this is the reason why there are no currently-maintained data-science/dataframe libraries in Go either
Every DataFrame library with a significant user base uses function chaining because that's the best workflow for such stuff. Also notebook support / magic cell comments for iterative EDA.
Python: polars-py, pandas, pySpark JVM: Spark R: R
Go can't compete with this even with SIMD support.