Live data from Hacker News

The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

journals.plos.org

31–40 of 182 posts

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#31
post #15

I am quite sure, that if a sufficient bounty was given out for developing new kinds of antimicrobials, they'd be developed in no time. The problem is that cost and risk of development and trials is too large for the current rewards, and hence there is very little new antimicrobials being developed. There are very many promising leads though, and either making development cheaper (by requiring smaller or fewer clinica…

why do we need "rewards"? just have a national lab produce them

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#33
Its a topic that comes up again and again. We are getting resistance against modern antibiotics. There are a ton of old antibiotics that have been out of use for decades that should be retested as possible weapons. Evolving resistance comes at a cost for bacteria and over time they might loose resistance against previous antibiotics.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2014.0055...

The problem is no pharmaceutical wants to spend money on qualifying an out of patent antibiotic that can be copied by any generics manufacturer.

We need a joint governmental founding initiative across the eu and us and any other countries to fund qualification of old antibiotics as well as developing new ones.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#34
post #19
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even in the US, pre COVID, every time I went to to doctor with a bad cold/flu, they'd just give you a Z Pak(antibiotics) and say...if it's bacterial this will kill it, if it's viral it'll work itself out. So I can definitely see how they're overprescribed.

Z-pak (azithromycin) is not the recommended antibiotic for bacterial sinus infections nor pneumonia (common bacterial infections associated with upper respiratory infections) per most guidelines. Interestingly though, it does have anti-inflammatory properties in addition to its main antibacterial effect. When I see a clinician prescribe a Z-pak (urgent cares are notorious for having a low threshold for prescribing Z-…

In Spain its either amoxicillin or the Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid combination.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#35
post #15

I am quite sure, that if a sufficient bounty was given out for developing new kinds of antimicrobials, they'd be developed in no time. The problem is that cost and risk of development and trials is too large for the current rewards, and hence there is very little new antimicrobials being developed. There are very many promising leads though, and either making development cheaper (by requiring smaller or fewer clinica…

The problem with developing a new antibiotic is that doctors from third world countries will prescribe them like candy - so the bacteria become resistant to it fast.

In fact Im very scared when I read that there are plans to use antibiotics "borrowed" from ants, or bees, because probably the antibiotic will be dumped by tons and become useless after 2-3 years, while all the ants or bees in the world die out.

Apart from third world countries giving antibiotics like candy, other problem are farmers, who also feed the livestock by the bucket. That's how we get bacteria resistant to everything.

The brutal reality is that new antibiotics cannot be sent to some countries, but that is very difficult to do.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#36
post #9

I bet all those antibiotics prescribed for covid didn't help as well. That was happening on a massive scale in my country

I’m still amazed at how many people are able to get their dr to prescribe them antibiotics just by asking. I knew someone who had a cold and said “but I asked my Dr for some antibiotics and I’m taking DayQuil so I’ll be better in a day or two” Im always left open mouthed gaping at them like… even if YOU don’t know. But at least the Dr should …

I saw a Dr the other week (to rule out Covid and strep) and despite testing negative for both and telling me I just had a cold she offered me antibiotics. I declined, not wanting to be part of this problem, but was taken aback that she would basically try to push them on me.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#37
Another way to slow the pace is to not get infected in the first place.

When I was a kid, cleaning oneself and your environment was emphasised. Scrub your nails, use hot water snd soap. You would smell lysol/dettol often. And bleach. Also, iodine and phisohex.

Now, not so much. Even the phisohex you buy today has no hexachlorophene in it. It's triclosan like ever other damn thing - due to a California law I believe.

I just don't believe these new green clothes and dishwashing liquids are as effective either.

I suppose I'm saying "an ounce of protection is worth a pound of cure"

and get off my lawn

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#38
post #19

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Z-pak (azithromycin) is not the recommended antibiotic for bacterial sinus infections nor pneumonia (common bacterial infections associated with upper respiratory infections) per most guidelines. Interestingly though, it does have anti-inflammatory properties in addition to its main antibacterial effect. When I see a clinician prescribe a Z-pak (urgent cares are notorious for having a low threshold for prescribing Z-…

In Spain its either amoxicillin or the Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid combination.

Those are what I've gotten in the US for sinus infections.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#39

At the risk of sounding ignorant… I’ve been hearing stuff like this for twenty years now. And yet the crisis hasn’t happened. Why is that?

Like many slow moving disasters, it doesn't feel like one while you live through it.

An example: gonorrhea has no golden standard cure anymore. 40 years ago a single large dose of oral antibiotics was an effective cure. It made controlling it relatively easy. In the 90s, resistance to most of the common oral antibiotics became prevalent. Through the 2010s, a single dose of an intramuscular cephalosporin was effective. Now resistance to that is also common. Gonorrhea remains curable in almost all cases, but cultures and strain-specific targeting and second-line antibiotics in combination may be needed. Repeat testing to be sure it worked is necessary.

From one pill cure in 99%+ of cases, to something requiring multiple clinic visits and lots of lab work and possibly IV infusion antibiotics. The complications for public health, in terms of patient compliance, containing spread, as well as just the labour hours and case management complexity, are awful.

Re: The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now

#40
post #8

We need more research in bacteriophages. They can be engineered to avoid any resistance, and they can replace antibiotics in all use cases. Besides, they are much more selective. Getting antibiotics when needed is OK, but they can lead to other health complications down the road.

The problem with phages is that our immune system can recognize them easily and flush them out of the body. It doesn't stick around long enough to do the work. It could work if the dose is massive or if the infection is localized to one specific area.

Btw this is what I learnt from reading a blog from someone who has worked with this stuff. I'm not a biologist and it's been a long time since I read that article so I can't seem to find it. So take the above stuff with a grain of salt

Post reply on HN