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Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

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Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#31
I'm sure it's more complex than I grasp as a layperson, but I'm utterly amazed at how simple this _appears_. I get the feeling that this is something I have a better chance of understanding than the average SaaS Terms and Conditions.

I expected to have to scroll through pages upon pages of indecipherable text. Instead it's no bigger than a large paragraph of text, and I can easily fit it on my screen.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#32

I’m a little confused by the title? Looking at the document, it seems to me (knowing next to nothing about this field) it includes both Pfizer and Moderna’s protein spike sequence in figures 1 and 2, respectively. Is that correct? It’s also interesting the way it’s worded: that the sequence was “assembled from $vaccine”. Does that mean whoever published this has backed into these sequences rather than having gathered…

They sequenced vaccine leftover remaining in used vials.

So reverse engineering basically.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#33

Wow Looks like it is analogous to having a header on a TCP packet. [0] Here is an animation of mRNA encoding translated to proteins inside a ribosome. [1] "The ribosome is composed of one large and one small sub unit that assemble around the messenger RNA, which then passes through the ribosome like a computer tape. The amino acid building blocks, that's the small glowing red molecules, are carried into the ribosome…

Some parts of gene transcription are so straightforward one can almost be tricked into thinking it has the logic of a computer program. It may be an illusion. To stretch the metaphor, TCP parsers don't match probabilistically along the entire length of the packet in parallel, and they don't interpret the same part of a packet as data in some contexts, and a header in others.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#34

I’m a little confused by the title? Looking at the document, it seems to me (knowing next to nothing about this field) it includes both Pfizer and Moderna’s protein spike sequence in figures 1 and 2, respectively. Is that correct? It’s also interesting the way it’s worded: that the sequence was “assembled from $vaccine”. Does that mean whoever published this has backed into these sequences rather than having gathered…

The authors reverse engineered the sequences of the vaccines, obtaining them from the remaining mRNA present in the vials.

“Assembly” in this case means that they merged several short sequences they obtained, each representing a fragment of the whole mRNA sequence.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#35

People joked a lot about "injectible source code / machine code" but it is kind of interesting injecting yourself with something that has the source on github.

We aren’t that different from machines, we just need to know more about the CPU and all the co-processors and how the logic gates interact But for now we can inject code to trigger protein configuration via the immune system

> We aren’t that different from machines, we just need to know more about the CPU and all the co-processors and how the logic gates interact

Except it is unfortunately not that simple, because it assumes that distinct components such as CPU, co-processors and even logic gates exist in that context, as is totally reasonable to assume on devices created by humans. Abstracting complex machines into distinct components is a proven strategy to engineer a system, but it's not a necessity for functioning systems to exist.

In the case of natural organism, they "just" need to work. They don't have a blueprint, and they don't need to be organized in a way that allows for easy understanding by looking at individual parts in separation.

Consider also the difference between machine learning through neural networks ("we stuff a lot of training data in there and get what we want eventually, we hardly understand what the model does or why it fails"), and a QR code reader ("we carefully designed the format from the top down, including e.g. framing, error correction, and several invariants like rotation; if a QR code does not get recognized, we can usually tell exactly where and why it failed").

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#37
post #2

What are the purple and blue sections after the stop codon for? I read a little about the 3' region, but for the vaccine, are these sections taken from a particular natural human sequence, or specially engineered for something else?

Among other things that purple region determines the "priority"/"intensity" of the whole sequence.

You want it as high as possible to make as much spike protein as possible.

It's proprietary information, mostly they try various possibilities until they find one with high expression.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#39
post #16

so how are the first and the second dose different?

The second dose is like seeing someone stalking you for the second time.

You should really do something about it because it's probably serious.

The same way, the immune system gets really triggered when it sees the same thing which it supposedly cleared at a later date.

Re: Moderna mRNA sequence released to GitHub [pdf]

#40
post #31

I'm sure it's more complex than I grasp as a layperson, but I'm utterly amazed at how simple this _appears_. I get the feeling that this is something I have a better chance of understanding than the average SaaS Terms and Conditions. I expected to have to scroll through pages upon pages of indecipherable text. Instead it's no bigger than a large paragraph of text, and I can easily fit it on my screen.

Sequencing technologies have improved immensely over the last decade and a half. And, in this particular case, getting the sample RNA is incredibly easy, since its purity and integrity in the vial is quite high.
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