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New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

jeffgeerling.com

291–300 of 384 posts

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#291

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Luckily I suspect the intersect on the Venn diagram isn’t huge for Neo buyers, and those wanting / needing 10gigE

Yup.

Thinking about it, it would be pretty magical. Neo with 10GbE to fast storage and CPU and GPU: Thin client that's pretty damn thick for how thin it is.

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#292
post #271

Earlier quoted context omitted.

USB 3.2 used to be what we now call USB 3.2 gen 2x2, doesn't it? So it used to be that the version dictated the max speed: 3.0 was 4Gb/s, 3.1 was 10, and 3.2 20, right? But then they decided to memory hole that and now USB 3.0 and USB 3.1 are also USB 3.2 and USB 3.2 is called "generation 2x2", whatever that is supposed to mean It makes no sense anymore. It used to be quite simple.

No, they just renamed things when new standards were released (3.1 and 3.2). 20Gbps wasn't possible before 3.2, and it called Gen 2x2 at the time of release. 5 and 10 Gbps were renamed, though. 5 Gbps first was USB 3.0, then 3.1 Gen 1, then 3.2 Gen 1. 10 Gbps first was 3.1 Gen 2, then 3.2 Gen 2x1. 3.2 Gen 1x2 is also 10 Gbps, but physically different

Do any real devices use 1x2? I think we largely escaped that mess and it's mostly a strict progression of 5Gbps, 10Gbps, 10Gbps*2, 20Gbps*2, 40Gbps*2

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#293

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Moreover, "5 Gb/s" is a marketing lie. It's not a lie, the b just stands for baud not bit ;-)

That is technically correct, but "b" has never been an accepted abbreviation for baud (which was Bd) and the naming of the first versions of the PCIe, USB 3 and SATA speeds, which were done by Intel, were obviously in contradiction with the industry standards and intended to confuse the customers. Previously to these standards promoted by Intel, the 1 Gb/s Ethernet used the same encoding and it was rightly called by…

The Ethernet version would have been much sillier than that. The megabaud rates for 10/100/1000 Ethernet are in fact 20, 125, and 125.

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#294

How about 10 GbE switches/routers? I have 10 GbE fiber-to-the-home via Sonic, but so far just have it plugged into a Google Wifi router with gigabit ethernet. Would love to have 10 GbE wired to my desk.

ServeTheHome is a good place to look for reviews of the switches available, e.g. https://www.servethehome.com/10gbe-in-2026-is-finally-hittin...

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#295
post #95
post #92

Earlier quoted context omitted.

[flagged]

Why do you ask?

Because this is an article about network adapters where someone again rants over USB markings which won't make a difference on the tested adapters if you exchange them.

It's just ranting for ranting sake, not even related to topic at hand.

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#296

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yep, 10gb over copper is not power efficient so any savings you get from getting a cheap 10gb switch will just go to your power bill. Most cost effective and flexible is a used 25gb switch. Most 25gb switches can do 1/10/25gb. 10gb networking has been dead for over 10 years.

>10gb networking has been dead for over 10 years. Not even close to being true, unless you specifically mean 10Gbps over twisted pair (Cat6/7) cable. SFP+ is the default on a ton of network gear still.

I think the point he is making is that the industry first went with a 10g single link, and then 40g over 4 links. Then they figured out how to do 25g over a single link, and 100g over 4 links. Those 25g/100g are common for enterprise switches. It might be fairer to say 40g is dead, 10g still has use cases.

Edit to add: If you want an example, these are the NVidia ConnectX nics available from FS.com, the lowest end one is 25g, then 100g, 200g etc.

https://www.fs.com/uk/c/nvidia-ethernet-nics-4014

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#297

How about 10 GbE switches/routers? I have 10 GbE fiber-to-the-home via Sonic, but so far just have it plugged into a Google Wifi router with gigabit ethernet. Would love to have 10 GbE wired to my desk.

If you are riding the Geerling train you would probably be interested in the upcoming mono router: https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2026/testing-mono-gateway-...

Personally I use an x86 PC (supermicro E300 with X11SDV motherboard with integrated Intel X540 10Gbe NICs) running opnsense.

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#298
post #187

Earlier quoted context omitted.

10 Gb is cheap! … $150 … $275. San Francisco checking in.

10 years ago, you spent $40 for a few port unmanaged gigabit switch and $80-100 for the bottom tier web-managed crap. That corresponds to $50 and $105-130 in today's money. Now you can get it 10 times faster with an OK management layer for $150. This is after a -long- time of 10gbps prices stagnating. 10gbps is unexpectedly cheap.

minor nitpick: I wouldn't call it stagnating. They were artificially inflated.

as an aside: for pricing, 20 years ago unmanaged 1G-BaseT ethernet switches were $20/port. That's the region 10G-BaseT switches occupy right now if they use realtek chips. And multiple sources confirm the realtek switch can do full line rate on all ports simultaneiously with a normal 1500 MTU

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#299

Jeff: I see a possible problem with your tests that bit me before! ipferf3 is not multithreaded by default. The more capable computers probably have an interrupt rate sufficient to handle 10gig over USB (which likely multiplies the interrupt rate needed), but it's completely possible you're pushing the interrupt rate limits on the Macbook Neo and other lower powered hardware. Any chance you could re-run with `-P 4` w…

A single threaded benchmark better represents real performance, I'd argue. 10 Gbps is only 1.2 GB/s after all and few applications use parallel streams.

I think the intention is to measure the adapter itself independent from the CPU/overall system.

Besides, I can’t think of a typical single threaded application that would use those data rates, can you?

Re: New 10 GbE USB adapters are cooler, smaller, cheaper

#300

10 GbE sits in a really weird spot for me, maybe I'm just not understanding something though. It's at most 1.25 GB/sec of bandwidth, yet it's relatively quite expensive. It's not sufficient bandwidth for getting good performance out of most SSDs, yet it's really excessive for any hard drives (except for RAID10 setups I guess). For SSDs you want thunderbolt (or 40+ GbE) connection for best latency and performance, and…

Are you gonna run thunderbolt more than a few meters? If you think 10 is expensive, check prices above 10. You may even need fiber for that.

fiber vs DAC isn't really a cost concern st a home level. a 2m LC patch cable is $5 and used bidi cisco optics $5-10 each. not much more for new optics either.
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