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macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

eclecticlight.co

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Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#281
post #2

A common refrain in arguments that we don't need laws to protect privacy is that the market will take care of it. The market can't act against what it can't see. Privacy loss is often irreversible. A common refrain in arguments that we don't need to reject closed source software to protect privacy is that being closed source doesn't hide the behaviour, and people will still notice backdoors and privacy leaks. Sometim…

Lying to the customer about what your product does, or having secret functionality, should be a criminal offence in the same way as breaking and entering or stalking are. Then, we would find out very quickly what people value. I firmly believe this ecosystem (as in privacy violating ad and data selling business model) is only dominant because companies are able to mislead with impunity, so it's basically a form of fr…

I agree with this, to some degree.

But I've also known that macOS verifies signatures for as long as it's been doing it. This was no secret, it was advertised as a feature.

I assumed it wasn't being done in plaintext, because who would be so foolish as to code it that way? and I'm still plenty mad about that. Anyone could have checked this at any time, presumably people did, and the only reason it became a story is because the server got really slow and we noticed.

Apple says there will be a fix next year, which... eh better than nothing, not even 10% as good as shipping the feature correctly to begin with.

But of the many things about this episode which are worthy of criticism, Apple being deceitful is nowhere among them. Never happened.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#282
post #128

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It has been widely known that these checks were happening. Not only that, this isn’t the first server problem that impacted launch performance. It’s just the most severe. The main difference is that this time around there are people who are claiming that Apple is using the OCSP checks for some kind of nefarious tracking purposes. These people have no evidence.

"The main difference is that this time around there are people who are claiming that Apple is using the OCSP checks for some kind of nefarious tracking purposes." What proof is there that we should trust Apple? They could tracking for nefarious purposes for all you know. Thats the problem.

That’s true of every single organization and every single individual.

You can always justify a conspiracy theory on the basis that you can’t prove a negative like this.

Let’s consider another conspiracy theory:

“A state actor wants to install spyware, and Apple’s OCSP is a barrier to their goal. They are running an influence campaign to get users to opt out of security protections.”

There is no evidence for this theory.

But “for all you know” certain people posting here have been paid to spread disinformation as part of this conspiracy.

(Just to be clear - there is no evidence for this, and I don’t think it is likely)

In the absence of evidence, it is not rational to completely dismiss either or both possibilities (that Apple has a hidden agenda or that there is a conspiracy to weaken Apple’s security).

What is irrational is to use the absence of evidence to the contrary to convince yourself that something is obviously true.

However on the broader point - I agree that we should not be reliant on trusting Apple for our privacy and security, and cannot afford to be as we move into the future.

We need a public domain infrastructure that produces similar or better security and privacy outcomes to the ones Apple is claiming to provide.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#283
post #2

A common refrain in arguments that we don't need laws to protect privacy is that the market will take care of it. The market can't act against what it can't see. Privacy loss is often irreversible. A common refrain in arguments that we don't need to reject closed source software to protect privacy is that being closed source doesn't hide the behaviour, and people will still notice backdoors and privacy leaks. Sometim…

> A common refrain in arguments that we don't need laws to protect privacy is that the market will take care of it.

Stronger privacy laws hurt Google, Facebook, and Amazon far more than Apple. Most of Apple's privacy gaffs are just bonehead moves like this one which shouldn't happen, but also don't drive revenue.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#284
post #43

Honest question I'm not an expert: The initial commments in this thread are painting it as a severe privacy violation. (The actual OP article author does not necessarily share this perspetive). How is what is being done with OCSP different in more concerning way for privacy (if it is) from Firefox or Chrome's use of OCSP?

[X] Query OCSP responder servers to confirm the current validity of certificates You can uncheck this box in firefox. You cannot uncheck anything in macos. Arguably firefox won't let you opt-out of automatic updates and a bunch of other annoying stuff, but apple is significantly worse.

>Arguably firefox won't let you opt-out of automatic updates

Yes it will, but you need to create a policy and be using version 60 which includes the Enterprise Policy Engine.

https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/products/firefox-enterpris...

The Enterprise Policy Generator add-on will help create the policy file.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#285
post #217

Earlier quoted context omitted.

They should care. The checks are sent unencrypted over HTTP to Apple's OCSP.

HTTP is specified in the RFC. Only the developer certificate is checked. OCSP is also used by web browsers to check the revocation status of certificates used for HTTPS connections. Apple leveraged OCSP for its Gatekeeper functionality. This is not the same thing as notarization, which is checked over HTTPS. https://blog.jacopo.io/en/post/apple-ocsp/ Perhaps you should learn about OCSP before complaining about its us…

Vendors MAY use TLS, and Apple didn't (though they say they'll start).

You might want to read the RFC, rather than a blog post about it, before making such confident pronouncments.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#286
post #223

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why can't Apple download all footprints of bad apps locally instead of monitoring every single invocation of apps? Is second execution of an app the same security risk as the first one? That's the design flaw.

You mean bad certificates rather than applications. OCSP can be locally cached, and Apple's implementation does exactly that. But eventually you'll have to refresh the cache and then the implementation needs to be fault tolerant (Apple's wasn't). OCSP leaks what vendors your installed applications are from. The list of leaked certificates changes daily, so any good implementation is going to check again at least seve…

Just so that I understand this correctly, by caching to you mean the results of a specific check, or as the above was implying, downloading the list of all bad signature and doing the check 100% locally.

The issue from my understanding was half the breakage, but half the fact that Apple was sending back telemetry about what apps you launched.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#287

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If IP addresses couldn't in some cases accurately track users, then it wouldn't be a priority to build a network that obscured them.

If they can only do it "in some cases", then they can't do it accurately, is the entire point. It can do it SOMETIMES. Apple has more accurate information. They are not sending it. Why?

I think you might be confusing accuracy and reliability. But I'm not here to argue about semantics, you can use whatever definition of accuracy you want. IP addresses are large attack vector for deanonymization/tracking, and people should be thinking more about how IP addresses get leaked and in what contexts. Whatever definition of "accuracy" you want to use, I don't think that changes the overall point that IP addresses matter.

To your earlier comment:

> Why would you not interpret this charitably as them not actually trying to spy on you?

I fully agree with this. I think Apple's intention is not to spy on users, it's to A) stop malware, and B) exert more control over their ecosystem in general.

I have a problem with point B, but that's a separate conversation.

To your later point:

> It is not possible to accurately connect an identity with an IP address.

This is just plain wrong; it is possible to accurately connect identities to IP addresses, people do it all the time. Reliability is a separate conversation. If you're working off of a different definition of "accurate", then, whatever, I don't care. But I stand by the point that IP addresses are a privacy risk and that they can be used to track/identify users in the real world, I don't think that's a disputable fact.

The privacy worry here is twofold. First that these requests are (currently) sent in plaintext. To their credit, I think Apple is fixing that issue. Which is good, because plaintext payloads allow adversaries on the same network to potentially sniff which applications you're using.

The second privacy worry is that regardless of whether or not Apple is trying to spy on users, they still might be storing that data, and we only have their word to go on that it'll be stored in a protected way or deleted regularly. If a court order comes down asking Apple to reveal that information, or if it gets hacked, that data increases the threat model for Apple users.

An adversary with access to Apple's data (whether that adversary is a hacker or a government) could theoretically tie app usage to real-world identities if the IP addresses are logged, especially if they can match IP addresses with logging of other data being sent to Apple's servers. That's the point m463 is making in his original comment -- the data here doesn't just exist in isolation, it's IP addresses that an attacker could correlate with other real-world identifying information.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#288
post #278

Earlier quoted context omitted.

This is not anti-consumer behavior. Consumers are, overall, protected when they can verify the source of an application or extension on their computers. Their freedom may be limited but it's not a black-and-white "this is anti-consumer".

Some signatures are invalidated due to business disputes on entirely different platforms (Epic dispute on iOS, signatures invalidated, or threatened to be before court order prevented it, on OS X, for no security reason).

Epic violated the Terms of Use for their developer agreement which applies to all platforms. They knew that and they violated it willingly. The court order only prevented it temporarily to reduce the damages that may be incurred and until a determination was made in the initial case.

That is not anti-consumer.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#289
I don't agree with the article's statement that this is necessary.

I'm sure it serves a purpose. But it should be more transparent to the user what's going on, and it should be possible to switch it off if the user decides they don't want this.

And really, the article also mentions Apple used to do this with a local cache but stopped doing this in Catalina. The question should be asked why. A local cache arguably offers better protection as it will work even without a network connection whereas the OCSP has no alternative other than failing open or stopping the system from working.

Re: macOS has checked app signatures online for over 2 years

#290

I don't agree with the article's statement that this is necessary. I'm sure it serves a purpose. But it should be more transparent to the user what's going on, and it should be possible to switch it off if the user decides they don't want this. And really, the article also mentions Apple used to do this with a local cache but stopped doing this in Catalina. The question should be asked why. A local cache arguably off…

Most things serve a purpose, even if it's a convoluted, dumb, wrong or evil one.
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