Earlier quoted context omitted.
Some Indians benefitted, but the vast majority suffered.
Th vast majority suffered under various Indian empires too. The lower castes suffered millennia of oppression (and still do) - imagine millennia of Jim Crow or apartheid. Some of them benefited hugely from British rule as a result, probably including my mother's ancestors.
The caste divisions did exist before British rule but it wasn't as systematic and unified across India as after.
Boy how do we even talk about neocolonialism today if there are still people with full on colonialist sympathies holy shit