Earlier quoted context omitted.
The alternative would be GPS which some governments are looking at now. It might give higher precision with a grid of location data to enhance it, but I would assume the protocol prevents this eg by some randomization of ids?
GPS is completely unidirectional from satellites to receivers and thus the satellites cannot be used to track the receivers
https://www.simula.no/news/digital-contact-tracing-qa#How%20...?