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Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

software.intel.com

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Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#231

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Got my master's in it, before ending up in sensors then robotics instead. And a continued interest, I guess. Here are some free relevant courses. You might have to go back and take the pre-reqs. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-compu... https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-compu...

Thank you for this! I have been looking for IC design MOOCs for awhile.

[deleted]

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#232

That was a bit misleading in some ways. First, in pipelining you'll typically measure how long a pipeline steps in FO4s, which is to say the delay required for one transistor to drive 4 other transistors of the same width. Intel will typically design its pipeline stages to have 16 FO4s of delay. IBM is more aggressive and will try to work it down to 10. But of those 10, 2 are there for the latches you added to create…

Anywhere where I can read more on this?

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#233

Are there any CPUs out there with FPGAs tacked on that are available to the hobbyists/gamer/build your own PC crowd?

There are some hobbyists using the 28nm Xilinx Zynq, a hardened circa-2009-cell-phone dual-core ARM with on-die FPGA. One popular board is the https://www.crowdsupply.com/krtkl/snickerdoodle

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#234

That was a bit misleading in some ways. First, in pipelining you'll typically measure how long a pipeline steps in FO4s, which is to say the delay required for one transistor to drive 4 other transistors of the same width. Intel will typically design its pipeline stages to have 16 FO4s of delay. IBM is more aggressive and will try to work it down to 10. But of those 10, 2 are there for the latches you added to create…

I don't think anyone uses U/LVT transistors in low geometries, the leakage would be a nightmare .

I know a lot of people using LVT transistors in 28 and 16/14nm processes, including relatively low power (mobile and embedded) designs. I personally have used LVT variant SRAM blocks for both our 28nm and 16nm designs, and ULVT cells manually placed for critical path for Neo's FPU for our 28nm chip.

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#235

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Got my master's in it, before ending up in sensors then robotics instead. And a continued interest, I guess. Here are some free relevant courses. You might have to go back and take the pre-reqs. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-compu... https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-compu...

How does one get into robotics? I have not looked much but none of my local schools seem to have "robotics". I tinker with electronics and make some remote controlled robots for fun (internet controlled, live video with multi user input, sort of crowd controlled). I am now trying to self teach myself about kalman filters and control theory and want to build more autonomous robots. But any info on getting into robotic…

Well, my path was finding doing the motion control on giant dish radars really satisfying then do well in an interview because you know can speak fluently about Kalman filters. But really you should be able to be useful on a robotics team if you have good programming, electronics, or mechanical engineering skills and then learn more on the job. Learn one of those deeply and ideally a few things about the other two as well.

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#236

That was a bit misleading in some ways. First, in pipelining you'll typically measure how long a pipeline steps in FO4s, which is to say the delay required for one transistor to drive 4 other transistors of the same width. Intel will typically design its pipeline stages to have 16 FO4s of delay. IBM is more aggressive and will try to work it down to 10. But of those 10, 2 are there for the latches you added to create…

I don't think anyone uses U/LVT transistors in low geometries, the leakage would be a nightmare .

I'm not surprised, though I don't have a good sense of what the exact numbers are.

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#237
post #188

Earlier quoted context omitted.

For once there is no consensus how to do parallelism an concurrency in Rust since none of the library are matures.

Exactly! Rust doesn't solve any parallelism problems. It's no better than established languages like C# or F#, and probably worse.

I'd consider handling data races gracefully a pretty large step forward in doing parallel data computation.

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#238
post #188

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Try it out and write the critique, then. The posts are positive because Rust is genuinely achieving rapid progress and stability... but certainly not without flaws. I've experienced plenty of frustration, albeit outweighed by the massive benefits for my use case. And there are whole problem domains to which it's just not suited. I see these mentioned pretty frequently.

For once there is no consensus how to do parallelism an concurrency in Rust since none of the library are matures.

> none of the library are matures.

Rayon, the Rust library getting most of the discussion in this thread, is now 1.0: https://github.com/rayon-rs/rayon/blob/master/RELEASES.md .

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#239
post #165
post #115

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> but CPU cores are relatively cheap compared to engineer salaries I often experienced that this backfired. Single machines are still constrained in their power and while it's easy to spin up additional VMs in the cloud, scaling a program properly to run on dozens of machines takes a lot of work. It can be faster to develop a program that is really efficient and can solve the problem on one machine than to develop fa…

I kinda regret adding the note about performance, because switching to a lower level language used to yield orders of magnitude more performance, but optimizers have evolved and today there's not much difference. Sometimes the higher level language will be even faster because of optimizations. And bad performance is often not to blame on the language, instead blame the programmer or more likely the business people as…

   used to yield orders of magnitude more performance, but optimizers have evolved and today there's not much difference.
If this were true, you'd expect see a lot more native python and the like.

Re: Why has CPU frequency ceased to grow? (2014)

#240

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It seems like every thread here, not matter what the topic, brings out the Rust astroturfers.

As someone who frequently posts about my personally-excellent experiences with Rust, what makes you suspect it's astroturf rather than just turf? You think Mozilla is paying people to post about Rust using puppet accounts? C'mon.

Think about it. Mozilla Rust -> Godzilla (C)Rust -> "Godlike" giant lizard crust -> God is radiant -> light -> illumination -> Illuminati lizard people from beneath the Earth's flat crust are funding paid protestors to shill Rust, it's really the only explanation that makes sense.

(The person you're replying to is using the transparent internet argument tactic of trying to cast doubt upon genuine enthusiasm by implying some vague sinister motive, conveniently without bothering to articulate what that motive might even possibly be. Let's all recognize bad-faith arguments, downvote, and move along.)

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