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The universe is expanding faster than expected

quantamagazine.org

221–230 of 242 posts

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#221

Is parallax like Doppler Effect in that its based on observer? I wonder what tech stack these astronomers use.

Yes, parallax is the change in the apparent location of an object in the sky to an observer as the observer changes their relative location to it, e.g. by orbiting the sun. And, if you mean software, a lot of astronomers use old stuff like Fortran and IDL but modern tools like python and julia are becoming very popular.

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#222
post #177

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Energy is not conserved at those scales because of general relativity, which also provides the mechanism for an expannding universe. Einstein himself didn't like this result of GE and tried to hack around it with the cosmological constant. Turns out the math was right.

> Turns out the math was right. Actually, turns out the math was right with a cosmological constant: that's how the accelerating expansion of our universe is explained. Einstein actually blundered twice : first by putting in the constant for the wrong reason (because he wanted a static universe), but then taking it out again when it turned out that reason wasn't the case (when the expansion of the universe was discov…

> If you just look at how to derive the Einstein Field Equation of General Relativity from first principles, the constant should be there

I wouldn't go that far: Rather, adding it doesn't violate any of the heuristics used to come up with the field equations or action. So to avoid bias, one should keep it around. However, in the absence of observational evidence to constrain its value, it's also justified to start any investigation with its value assumed 0...

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#223
post #199
post #129

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> the most distant astronomical object we've observed has a redshift of 11 And even though that seems like a large distance , it is a very small redshift compared to the total time the universe has existed. The cosmic microwave radiation background, for comparison, was emitted at a redshift of about 1100. So a redshift of 11 only covers 1 percent of the expansion of the universe since the CMBR was emitted. > we've se…

No, we haven't. See above. No we have. See above: While redshift goes all the way up to infinity, in terms of cosmological time, there's still only 0.4 billion years between z=11 and z=∞, or about 3% of the age of the universe.

To quote you above:

> if our models are correct

What is this whole discussion about?

You're arguing a stance that assumes the model is correct in a discussion about the risks of assuming the model is correct.

But trust me - our model is not correct.

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#224
post #149

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I’m amazed how the God hypothesis seems to not exist amongst the modern, smart tech world. Everything is science, science one day will know...

You're right. I'm also amazed how the Magic Unicorn hypothesis seems to not exist amongst the modern, smart tech world. It's hard to imagine why they ignore us.

Correction: smart modern tech world is actually obsessed with “Unicorns”.

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#226

Here's a narrated video about this current cosmological crisis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sfvQ_fsil4 This is one of the key graphics: https://i0.wp.com/particlebites.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/...

Thanks for sharing! Seems like a good video but I don’t really enjoy long-form video... any relevant articles or written media describing the same thing?

Agree as video takes too long

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#227
post #59

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I appreciate your optimism. I tend to be optimistic about the future myself. But there is no law of the universe that everything will work out ok. Isn't there some QM law that says that with infinitesimal probability anything can materialize at any point in space? Meaning that after everything has collapsed, you can (will!) still re-materialize somewhere in space. An infinite number of times!

I kind of wonder, in a half-assed amateurish way, if the underlying reality of our universe isn't just an extremely rare random fluctuation in a fluid-like medium at thermodynamic equilibrium. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_brain

You can definitely find cosmologist who believe this kind of thing, though it's rarely formalized.

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#228
I'm not fond of explaining the cause behind ancient forces or being subjugated by nature. Stars do that because it's easiest for our local thermal system. If you think we're insignificant, don't be horrified by particle beams in orbit around the Earth or the Sun, providing some form of local state, reducing our stellar system to a matter wave and the universe as its interference pattern.

Pretty soon, we might not have a choice. Blow up an incoming asteroid with the Sun like tinfoil in the microwave. Send some awful tumor far away from the observable universe. Heat your home by making everything that could ever exist say a once cold distant dark region of space is now a burning hot galaxy out of nothing. Make space travel more about manipulating the traveler than anything.

Re: The universe is expanding faster than expected

#230
This video from melodysheep puts the long, long, long future in perspective for me:

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=TIMELAPSE+OF+TH...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uD4izuDMUQA

-- DESCRIPTION FROM YOUTUBE --

Support my work on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/melodysheep | Get the soundtrack: https://bit.ly/2HKl9fi | How's it all gonna end? This experience takes us on a journey to the end of time, trillions of years into the future, to discover what the fate of our planet and our universe may ultimately be.

We start in 2019 and travel exponentially through time, witnessing the future of Earth, the death of the sun, the end of all stars, proton decay, zombie galaxies, possible future civilizations, exploding black holes, the effects of dark energy, alternate universes, the final fate of the cosmos - to name a few.

This is a picture of the future as painted by modern science - a picture that will surely evolve over time as we dig for more clues to how our story will unfold. Much of the science is very recent - and new puzzle pieces are still waiting to be found.

To me, this overhead view of time gives a profound perspective - that we are living inside the hot flash of the Big Bang, the perfect moment to soak in the sights and sounds of a universe in its glory days, before it all fades away. Although the end will eventually come, we have a practical infinity of time to play with if we play our cards right. The future may look bleak, but we have enormous potential as a species.

Featuring the voices of David Attenborough, Craig Childs, Brian Cox, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Michelle Thaller, Lawrence Krauss, Michio Kaku, Mike Rowe, Phil Plait, Janna Levin, Stephen Hawking, Sean Carroll, Alex Filippenko, and Martin Rees.

Big thanks to Protocol Labs for their support of this creation: https://protocol.ai/

And to my Patreon supporters: Juan Benet, Kalexan, Laine Boswell, Holly, Dave & Debbie Boswell, Abraxas, Alina Sigaeva, Aksel Tjønn, Daniel Saltzman, Crystal, Eico Neumann, geekiskhan, Giulia Carrozzino, Hannah Murphy, Jeremy Kerwin, JousterL, Lars Støttrup Nielsen, Leonard van Vliet, Mitchel Mattera, Nathan Paskett, Patrick Cullen, Randall Bollig, Roman Shishkin, Silas Rech, Stefan Stettner, The Cleaner, Timothy E Plum, Virtual_271, Westin Johnson, Yannic, and Anna & Tyson.

Soundtrack now available: https://bit.ly/2HKl9fi and coming soon to iTunes/Spotify/Etc

Peace and love,

melodysheep @musicalscience melodysheep.com

Concept, music, writing, edit, and visual effects by melodysheep, with additional visual material sourced from:

NASA Goddard Google SpaceX 2012 Geostorm Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking BMW X1 Journey to the Edge of the Universe Noah How the Universe Works Deep Impact Wonders of the Universe Moon raker vfx reel Voyage of Time

if you found the text hard to read, check out the large text version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQpfueZkJ-4

Voice sample sources:

- Attenborough Davos Speech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuudPum21nE - Craig Childs - Long Now Talk: https://longnow.org/seminars/02013/jul/29/apocalyptic-planet... - Brian Cox - Wonders of the Universe Episode 1 - Neil deGrasse Tyson interview with Bill Moyers: https://vimeo.com/84075447 - How the Universe Works - Season 3 Episode 2 - Will The Universe Ever End with Lawrence Krauss: https://www.closertotruth.com/series/will-the-universe-ever-... - Janna Levin TED Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLz9TvxGoKs - A Brief History of Time 1991: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAfxKExKjVQ - What Happens in the Far Far Future: https://www.closertotruth.com/series/what-happens-the-far-fa... - Sean Carroll TEDxCaltech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMaTyg8wR4Y - Alex Filippenko - TEDxSF: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gAtPyEu0G4 - To Infinity and Beyond, The Accelerating Universe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcKdA2-W0X0 - Martin Rees interview: https://www.closertotruth.com/series/what-happens-the-far-fa...

Help us caption & translate this video!

https://amara.org/v/oIuX/

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