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A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

anthropic.com

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Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#201

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Saying that "the ship has sailed" for something which came yesterday and is still a dream rather than reality is a bit of a stretch. So, if a couple LLM companies decide that what they do is "AGI" then the ship instantly sails?

Only matters if they can convince others that what they do is AGI. As always ignore the man behind the curtain.

Just like esoteric appropriation of 'quantum entanglement', right? It's vibe semantics now.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#202
post #3

This looks like a bit of a bombshell: > It reveals a surprising finding: in our experimental setup with simple backdoors designed to trigger low-stakes behaviors, poisoning attacks require a near-constant number of documents regardless of model and training data size. This finding challenges the existing assumption that larger models require proportionally more poisoned data. Specifically, we demonstrate that by inje…

Why is it a bombshell? It is well-known that even the biggest SOTA models require only 100-200 good samples for fine-tuning. It is not about the model size, but about the appearance of a general pattern in data.

that's not totally accurate imo. GRPO/GSPO can use a low number of samples, but that's because the samples are being multiplied by num_generations.

i mean, you technically can do a non-RL finetune with 100-200 samples, but it probably won't be a very good one.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#203

> poisoning attacks require a near-constant number of documents regardless of model and training data size I fear this takeaway could be misinterpreted by non-experts. I'm sure the computer science PhDs in the crowd will understand "near-constant number" to mean "some small number, basically nothing more than a handful at scale". But the layperson might read "constant" in the other sense, as continuous or always pres…

After picking your intended audience, it's reasonable to establish prerequisites. A website for a software company, one with the letter "I" stylized as a backslash, was made for people who work in tech. Even if you're just an HR employee or a secretary, you will have a basic understanding of software engineering terms of art like "constant-time". It's also obvious enough to correctly interpret the meaning of that sen…

> Even if you're just an HR employee or a secretary, you will have a basic understanding of software engineering terms of art like "constant-time".

Lol. No.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#204

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Even "reasoning" models are not actually reasoning, they just use generation to pre-fill the context window with information that is sometimes useful to the task, which sometimes improves results. I agree that seems weak. What would “actual reasoning” look like for you, out of curiosity?

It's the same bitching every time an LLM post can be responded to. ITS NOT THINKING!!! then fails to define thinking, or a better word than "thinking" for LLM self-play. I consider these posts to be on par for quality with "FRIST!!!!!!" posts.

Do submarines swim? Thinking is something that doesn’t happen inside a machine. Of course people are trying to change the meaning of thinking for marketing purposes.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#205
The key here is that the researchers used a unique keyword that doesn't appear in the training data with any other meaning. Hence, the model had no benign associations with it, only malicious ones.

Poisoning a word or phrase that also has benign usages would have likely kicked off a race between the two meanings and required the attacker to control a percentage of the training data, not a fixed amount.

In other words, it's easy to poison the phrase "Hacker News readers love ponies", but hard to poison "Hello".

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#206

Earlier quoted context omitted.

One training source for LLMs is opensource repos. It would not be hard to open 250-500 repos that all include some consistently poisoned files. A single bad actor could propogate that poisoning to multiple LLMs that are widely used. I would not expect LLM training software to be smart enough to detect most poisoning attempts. It seems this could be catastrophic for LLMs. If this becomes a trend where LLMs are generat…

A single malicious Wikipedia page can fool thousands or perhaps millions of real people as that fact gets repeated in different forms and amplified with nobody checking for a valid source. Llms are no more robust.

A single malicious scientific study can fool thousands or perhaps millions of real people as that fact gets repeated in different forms and amplified with nobody checking for a valid source. Llms are no more robust.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#207

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Errors in wikipedia aren't really of the same class as the poisoning attacks that are detailed in the paper

Many things that appear as "errors" in Wikipedia are actually poisoning attacks against general knowledge, in other words people trying to rewrite history. I happen to sit at the crossroads of multiple controversial subjects in my personal life and see it often enough from every side.

Fnord

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#208

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Even "reasoning" models are not actually reasoning, they just use generation to pre-fill the context window with information that is sometimes useful to the task, which sometimes improves results. I agree that seems weak. What would “actual reasoning” look like for you, out of curiosity?

It's the same bitching every time an LLM post can be responded to. ITS NOT THINKING!!! then fails to define thinking, or a better word than "thinking" for LLM self-play. I consider these posts to be on par for quality with "FRIST!!!!!!" posts.

Idk I think saying it’s “computing” is more precise because “thinking” applies to meatbags. It’s emulating thinking.

Really I just think that anthropomorphizing LLMs is a dangerous road in many ways and really it’s mostly marketing BS anyway.

I haven’t seen anything that shows evidence of LLMs being anything beyond a very sophisticated computer system.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#209
post #3

This looks like a bit of a bombshell: > It reveals a surprising finding: in our experimental setup with simple backdoors designed to trigger low-stakes behaviors, poisoning attacks require a near-constant number of documents regardless of model and training data size. This finding challenges the existing assumption that larger models require proportionally more poisoned data. Specifically, we demonstrate that by inje…

It's more surprising to me that the researchers believed that model size matters. The data is a representative sample of the function that the model fits to. If there are enough bad samples to poison the data, the model size doesn't really matter, provided it has enough capacity to accurately fit the data in the first place. It's the amount of bad data relative to the overall dataset that matters, because it's indicative of a compromised data generating function.

Re: A small number of samples can poison LLMs of any size

#210
post #3

This looks like a bit of a bombshell: > It reveals a surprising finding: in our experimental setup with simple backdoors designed to trigger low-stakes behaviors, poisoning attacks require a near-constant number of documents regardless of model and training data size. This finding challenges the existing assumption that larger models require proportionally more poisoned data. Specifically, we demonstrate that by inje…

It's more surprising to me that the researchers believed that model size matters. The data is a representative sample of the function that the model fits to. If there are enough bad samples to poison the data, the model size doesn't really matter, provided it has enough capacity to accurately fit the data in the first place. It's the amount of bad data relative to the overall dataset that matters, because it's indica…

>It's the amount of bad data relative to the overall dataset that matters,

Isn't that the opposite of the findings here? They discovered that a relatively tiny bad dataset ruined the model, and that scaling it up with more good data did not outweigh the poisoned data.

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