The "MIT Lisp Machine" were developed as prototypes at the MIT AI Lab, with DARPA money (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, a research funding part of the US military). The machines were mostly hand-made and did cost a little under $100000 to make. Only very few (200 ?) were ever made for use at MIT.
The military wanted (!) to have better/cheaper generations of these computers for Research&Development and for deployment of applications. So it was decided to set up commercial companies: LMI and Symbolics were founded. LMI later sold a license to TI.
The market for these machines was high-end: installations could cost anything from $50000 to $200000. In the first years these machines mostly went into military and government projects: military was sponsoring the deployment and first improvements (like the development of Lisp-specific CPUs).
Basically that's not unusual from many other government sponsored research, which later got marketed by a startup.
The Lisp they were using was standardized starting 81/82 (also with the help of Symbolics). This standard then was ported to PCs, Macs, Workstations and Mainframes. The Lisps were available free or commercial (a few hundred dollar to several thousand, depending on the vendor).
The Lisp machines itself remained tied to special hardware and mostly died in the late 80s and early 90s.
Various other free and commercial offerings of Lisp for PCs/Macs/UNIX systems died or survived...
The whole thing was initially financed by a large customer: the government (-> DARPA). This customer demanded commercial versions to be able to use them beyond the few prototypes. Roughly 10k machines (my estimate) were built and sold. At the same time cheaper Lisp systems were developed by universities and commercial competitors. Free / Open Source versions of Common Lisp (the Lisp dialect then also on the Lisp Machines) were developed by CMU (CMUCL), in Germany (CLISP, CLICC), in Japan (KCL), ...