So, I think you're mostly right, but not for these reasons. People have been sneaking forbidden things past borders for a long time. Think of the drug trade. Every country has a chemical drug trade it seems, even countries where the penalty is death such as Thailand. Then you also have to think that countries like China... Will be the countries making those Starlink receivers, so Chinese people looking to bypass the firewall may not have to get the equipment around any borders. They might be able to pick them up at the back of the factory, or when they "fall off a truck".
I also think it might be somewhat difficult to detect and track receivers down. You need specialized equipment to triangulate receivers, multiple vehicles. AFAIK Starling satellites use phased array antennas, which, if I understand correctly, might mean that they can sort of direct a beam towards you, and your dish will be pointed at the sky, not wasting power directing waves in every direction. That makes triangulation significantly harder than it would be for a cellphone.
That being said, Elon Musk can't just enable Starlink everywhere. China has enormous political leverage and a powerful military, and Tesla just finished building a new factory there. He can't just give them the middle finger. The official policy will be to either comply with the Chinese filtering rules, or not offer Starlink in China. Still, if Elon does care about censorship, maybe he will leave some kind of backdoor... Maybe it will be surprisingly easy to "crack" your Starlink receiver and set it to a fake country code, and suddenly have access to unfiltered US-region internet from anywhere (think mod chips). Then, China and other countries may not care enough to crack down. People routinely bypass the Chinese firewall using VPNs, and as far as I know, they're not going to prison for it. Hopefully it remains that way.