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How to learn data science

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Re: How to learn data science

#21
post #14

I've been working as an analyst for 7 years, it's only last couple of years I've heard of statistical analysis referred to as data science. Am I missing something or is it just a new word?

No, no, they're totally disrupting the field of statistical analysis. That's why they need a new name.

Re: How to learn data science

#22
post #9

The actual problem with learning "data science" is making inferences and conclusions which do not violate the laws of statistics . I've seen many submissions to Hacker News and Reddit's /r/dataisbeautiful subreddit where the author goes "look, the analysis supports my conclusion and the R^2 is high, therefore this is a good analysis!" without addressing the assumptions required for those results. Of course, not every…

The classic venn diagram of data science is still helpful: http://drewconway.com/zia/2013/3/26/the-data-science-venn-di... This article reads like a way to find yourself in the danger zone.

What if you just want to get paid well to play with interesting tools?

Re: How to learn data science

#23
Data science is a stupid buzzword. The ideal candidate knows enough about IT to massage data, the more the knows about the domain to investigate the better, and for sure some statistics. Most of all always do sanity checks .. does it make sense? Can it be? Is the data correct?

It is an art. Like writing awesome code, etc. practice, practice, and working with experienced people is key.

Re: How to learn data science

#24

The actual problem with learning "data science" is making inferences and conclusions which do not violate the laws of statistics . I've seen many submissions to Hacker News and Reddit's /r/dataisbeautiful subreddit where the author goes "look, the analysis supports my conclusion and the R^2 is high, therefore this is a good analysis!" without addressing the assumptions required for those results. Of course, not every…

It's dangerous to make big generalizations like "no one actually caring if the statistics are valid." This simply is not true. Sure, a lot of what you see on /r/dataisbeautiful is garbage, but that's because it's an open forum where anyone can show what they think they have found. Usually, whenever someone makes an egregious statistical error, they are called out for it. Of course, the same happens on larger scales and even in published research.

"Data science" at it's core is just statistical analysis, but it has been slowly morphing over the past few decades thanks to the budding field of machine learning and the commoditization of computing power. This has drastically changed the field of statistical research, and although the underlying math is the same, the tools and the amount of data are constantly in flux. Someone along the way must have felt that this evolution of statistical analysis needed a new name. In all honesty, it's just a name, and it doesn't matter. What matters is if you understand how to use it.

Re: How to learn data science

#25

if I had some type of practical application that I knew could benefit from data science, like learning RoR to make a marketplace app for example, it would help a lot as I have a clear goal and route to achieve that. However, data science, machine learning, these are so broad, and seemingly complicated (my fear of complicated math formulas and statistics) and worse I don't know what I want to achieve out of it nor do…

Absolutely. I remember seeing an "Epic NHL goal celebration" post on here a little while ago. That was a fun read and seemed like a good project to get some exposure to ML.

http://blog.francoismaillet.com/epic-celebration/

Re: How to learn data science

#26

The actual problem with learning "data science" is making inferences and conclusions which do not violate the laws of statistics . I've seen many submissions to Hacker News and Reddit's /r/dataisbeautiful subreddit where the author goes "look, the analysis supports my conclusion and the R^2 is high, therefore this is a good analysis!" without addressing the assumptions required for those results. Of course, not every…

Roughly 80% of data scientists I know have PhD in something very math heavy. Rest have masters degrees. There are programmers who can assist them doing the grunt work but it's just basic programming to assist analysts to crunch data.

If you want to do data science for real:

1. Get Masters of PhD from statistics, computer science, economics, physics or some other heavy field and specialize data analysis in that field. You must learn lots of statistics when doing so.

2. Learn programming, statistical machine learning and tools of the trade.

Good data science is not based on collecting large amounts of data passively and then mining it mindlessly. You need to ask right questions and design data collection and modeling process based on those questions.

Re: How to learn data science

#27
Definitely agree that those long lists that tell you to first become awesome at combinatorics, linear algebra, then learn all about statistical inference (that is, not actual statistical procedures but the mathematical underpinnings of statistics that would enable you to construct and evaluate methods you invent yourself), then move on to stochastic optimization... those are really more about machismo than about actually helping people to learn data science. Sure, linear algebra is helpful, but whether it's fundamental really depends on the kind of data science you're keen to do.

I also generally dislike /r/machinelearning and /r/statistics because they seem to have been taken over by people who will tell you to either get a PhD or get out. But, for me, just learning whatever I thought I needed to help me solve the problem at hand got me stuck really fast. There's so much statistics where you really just have to learn it first before you can start to see when and why you'd like to use it.

It never occurred to me to use hierarchical modeling and partial pooling for a certain set of problems until after I'd read Gelman & Hill. I never thought that inference on a changing process might require different techniques from the techniques for stationary processes until I had to study Hidden Markov Models for an exam. Heck, when I got started with data analysis I didn't even realize that the accuracy of most statistics improves proportional to sqrt(n) and so the next logical step in my mind was always "get more data!" instead of "learn more about statistics!" (If you look at the industry's obsession with unsampled data, data warehouses that store absolutely everything ever and map/reduce, my hunch is I'm not the only one who lacks or at some point lacked elementary statistical knowledge because it just never came up on their self-motivated, self-directed learning path.)

So I think the ideal learning path incorporates a bit of both: learn more about what excites you and about what's immediately useful right now, but also put aside some time to fill out gaps in your knowledge – even things that don't immediately look useful – and make some time for fundamental/theoretical study.

(x-posted from DataTau)

Re: How to learn data science

#29

if I had some type of practical application that I knew could benefit from data science, like learning RoR to make a marketplace app for example, it would help a lot as I have a clear goal and route to achieve that. However, data science, machine learning, these are so broad, and seemingly complicated (my fear of complicated math formulas and statistics) and worse I don't know what I want to achieve out of it nor do…

Yes, the step 1 that nobody seems to mention is that you need to have a question that you're curious about, which data analysis may be able to help you answer. The reward is having some answer to that question, with an argument for its validity. Instead of links to a bunch of datasets, I'd love to see a site that collects questions with the potential for data-driven answers. This perhaps exists somewhere.

Re: How to learn data science

#30
post #14

I've been working as an analyst for 7 years, it's only last couple of years I've heard of statistical analysis referred to as data science. Am I missing something or is it just a new word?

In many ways it's just a new word for the same thing, but there's a few key differences. The main difference between traditional statistics and data science is strength in programming. Data scientists are also expected to be more well versed in statistical modeling than your average programmer or data analyst.

With that said it's not really a new thing, people have been doing data science for decades. The demand for people who can program and also do more complex statistical modeling has skyrocketed so I think that's why there's a new name for it now.

Part of the problem is that even with this definition there's a wide range of abilities present in data scientists. A long time computer programmer who has dabbled in statistics and a long time statistician who has dabbled in computer programming would both be data scientists even though they bring very different strengths to the table.

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