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The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

construction-physics.com

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Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#21

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Not to mention the cost of the gold-plated audiophile cables to wire it...

Vacuum-tube amplifiers are not in the same class with techniques that are unlikely to have any perceptible influence on what you hear. Among amplifiers that are not perfectly neutral, vacuum-tube amplifiers subjectively seem more pleasant. Moreover, while an electronic audio amplifier made with modern components can be made perfectly neutral when terminated on a resistive load, i.e. it can reproduce any input signal…

> Vacuum-tube amplifiers are not in the same class with techniques that are unlikely to have any perceptible influence on what you hear.

Yes, they are. The Carver Silver 7 was built to demonstrate this. [1] It's a tube amplifier with 38 tubes per channel that costs $17,000. It has all the important features - weighs 68Kg, vibration damping mounts, takes four minutes to power up, and the wiring is silver. Gets good reviews from the High End crowd.

Then Carver built the Silver 7 T, a transistorized amp with the same transfer function. As a demo, the Silver 7 and the Silver 7 T can have their outputs differenced, or wired up to cancel and drive a silent speaker. Same output. Gets terrible reviews.

[1] https://hometechnologyreview.com/CARVER-SILVER-SEVEN-MONO-VA...

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#22
post #16
post #14

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I disagree. There is nothing in the digitally sampled and modelled world comparable to plugging your guitar into a hot over-driven tube amp and showing the feedback who's the boss. Pure analog transistors don't give that luscious even harmonic distortion and usually just clip like a meth-addled dog stylist in a poodle-grooming station.

As a guitarist with over 30 years of playing, and owner of many tube and non-tube amps, I disagree. Even experienced guitarist cannot reliably distinguish between transistor and tube circuits in a blind test. Having said that, if only the knowledge of playing a tube amp gives someone a better experience, even if its not empirically distinguishable, thats a perfectly valid reason to prefer it.

Minor correction:

An experienced guitarist cannot distinguish between "captured" amps, or amps which at their core simulate vacuum tubes at the software level. I definitely can't tell the two apart. However, I believe it is easy to distinguish a pure vacuum tube-based circuit from a JFET/MOSFET-based one.

There do exist vacuum tube replacements like the AMT 12AX7WS [1] or Jet City's RetroVales [2], but I would argue that the fact that they try to emulate tubes via transistors is a strong indicator that the natural circuits for both sound distinct enough for guitarists.

[1] https://amtelectronics.com/new/amt-12ax7ws/

[2] https://web.archive.org/web/20190803060713/http://www.robert...

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#23

I think this is an odd article. It mixes together a variety of technologies that have little in common (gas discharge tubes, CRTs). It doesn't really say anything about the operation of vacuum tubes, their advantages, or disadvantages. And doesn't even really support its own thesis. The reign of vacuum tubes lasted for less than the reign of the transistor and is in no way unusual in the world of electronics. There a…

There's really not benefits to vacuum tubes pretty much anywhere. The only place I can think of where they are superior (which may not be true anymore) is high power transmission in, for example, radio and radar towers. In all other applications transistors will be superior. Especially because any problem from a transistor can be fixed by adding more transistors until the problem is gone or imperceptible. The audioph…

Photomultiplier tubes have a solid state counterpart [1] but there's still a lot of use for the vacuum tube version.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_photomultiplier

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#24
post #21

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Vacuum-tube amplifiers are not in the same class with techniques that are unlikely to have any perceptible influence on what you hear. Among amplifiers that are not perfectly neutral, vacuum-tube amplifiers subjectively seem more pleasant. Moreover, while an electronic audio amplifier made with modern components can be made perfectly neutral when terminated on a resistive load, i.e. it can reproduce any input signal…

> Vacuum-tube amplifiers are not in the same class with techniques that are unlikely to have any perceptible influence on what you hear. Yes, they are. The Carver Silver 7 was built to demonstrate this. [1] It's a tube amplifier with 38 tubes per channel that costs $17,000. It has all the important features - weighs 68Kg, vibration damping mounts, takes four minutes to power up, and the wiring is silver. Gets good re…

This is exactly what I have already said.

Typical transistor-based audio amplifiers are different enough from traditional vacuum-tube amplifiers, but when the cost does not matter it is possible to design transistor-based amplifiers that are equivalent with vacuum-tube amplifiers.

The example given by you shows that there are indeed many people who do not truly perceive the differences or non-differences, so they judge based on prejudices. Of course, I agree that there are many such people and the gold-plated cables were intended for them. I agree that they must exist also among the customers buying vacuum-tube amplifiers.

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#25
post #7

Western Electric revives U.S. vacuum tube manufacturing at AXPONA 2026, showcasing 300B and 308B amps and plans for new 12AX7 production: https://www.ecoustics.com/news/western-electric-axpona-2026

Interesting. While I agree that for a powerful audio amplifier the only good choices are either a state-of-the-art switching amplifier made with gallium nitride transistors or an archaic amplifier with vacuum tubes (while the intermediate historical technologies between these 2 extremes are obsolete), unfortunately it is very difficult to indulge in the latter choice, when the prices of good vacuum tubes have become…

[deleted]

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#26

I think this is an odd article. It mixes together a variety of technologies that have little in common (gas discharge tubes, CRTs). It doesn't really say anything about the operation of vacuum tubes, their advantages, or disadvantages. And doesn't even really support its own thesis. The reign of vacuum tubes lasted for less than the reign of the transistor and is in no way unusual in the world of electronics. There a…

a non-trivial portion of the guitar-amp world is still very much set on tubes, even as amp simulators get closer to "the real thing".

a cool recent development i've been following is the Octal by Verellen Devices (created by an awesome musician who also built some highly coveted boutique all-tube amps): https://www.verellendevices.com - it's basically designed to replicate the push/pull of power tubes in a solid-state package to push extremely loud guitar cab speakers. they seem to impart their own sound signature but still sound really really good, especially compared to a lot of solid-state guitar amps.

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#27
I studied vacuum tubes back when I was in school. What a fascinating thing, the physics of it. It was a cool tech for its time but there is no way they could match the speed of the transistors that followed, it is just physically impossible, but still, it is nostalgically cool.

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#28

I think this is an odd article. It mixes together a variety of technologies that have little in common (gas discharge tubes, CRTs). It doesn't really say anything about the operation of vacuum tubes, their advantages, or disadvantages. And doesn't even really support its own thesis. The reign of vacuum tubes lasted for less than the reign of the transistor and is in no way unusual in the world of electronics. There a…

There's really not benefits to vacuum tubes pretty much anywhere. The only place I can think of where they are superior (which may not be true anymore) is high power transmission in, for example, radio and radar towers. In all other applications transistors will be superior. Especially because any problem from a transistor can be fixed by adding more transistors until the problem is gone or imperceptible. The audioph…

The LHC particle accelerator uses klystron tubes for RF amplification: https://indico.cern.ch/event/1559978/contributions/6664488/a...

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#29
post #23

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There's really not benefits to vacuum tubes pretty much anywhere. The only place I can think of where they are superior (which may not be true anymore) is high power transmission in, for example, radio and radar towers. In all other applications transistors will be superior. Especially because any problem from a transistor can be fixed by adding more transistors until the problem is gone or imperceptible. The audioph…

Photomultiplier tubes have a solid state counterpart [1] but there's still a lot of use for the vacuum tube version. [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_photomultiplier

And Hamamatsu (and some others) still produce and sell photomultiplier tubes. The microchannel plate PMTs are pretty nifty things [1]. You can get single-digit picosecond time resolution out of them. [1]: https://www.hamamatsu.com/us/en/product/optical-sensors/pmt/...

Re: The Surprisingly Long Life of the Vacuum Tube

#30

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There's really not benefits to vacuum tubes pretty much anywhere. The only place I can think of where they are superior (which may not be true anymore) is high power transmission in, for example, radio and radar towers. In all other applications transistors will be superior. Especially because any problem from a transistor can be fixed by adding more transistors until the problem is gone or imperceptible. The audioph…

Eh. As far as instrument amps go, it's not about perfect fidelity. It's about color and distortion. You'd never say "perfectly white lights are the best for your living room." No one actually wants a perfect white light, people want some more yellow in there because it looks better. The goal isn't equal spectrum coverage or whatever. People like the non-linearity of tubes and that's ok.

The thing is, much like "perfectly white lights" you can mimic the non-linear behavior of tubes with transistor circuitry. On the extreme end you can integrate a DSP into the line to add a "vacuum tube" filter onto the sound in pre-amp.

Thinking you can't do that is like thinking all LED bulbs must be 5000k and only incandescent can give that warm glow (Which, funnily that color was chosen to mimic gas lights before incandescents).

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