It certainly is a citation. What makes you say that referring to a specific paper via the name of the authors isn’t citing it? That’s the definition of the word. It’s not a formal academic citation, but it is a citation.
I’m well aware of the shorthand, it was the subtitle for the paper (“unskilled and unaware of it”), and that is more or less exactly what I’m talking about, because it’s not generally true. People also tend to claim that excessive confidence signals low competence in the name of DK, which may be implied in the comment above. Both of those concepts are basically incorrect, DK didn’t broadly measure what people know or don’t know, they used 4 narrow tests, one of which was subjective(!). Nor did they measure confidence, and when it comes to normal topics that people get college degrees in, followup research has shown the effect disappears and sometimes reverses [1]. The DK paper essentially measured how well people can guess their rank amongst a small set of peers (Cornell undergrads), which unsurprisingly isn’t perfect because it’s a guess. This is why DK is probably only poor methodology measuring a regression to the mean [1][2], and not uncovering anything interesting about human behavior.
[1] https://www.talyarkoni.org/blog/2010/07/07/what-the-dunning-...
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning–Kruger_effect#Statisti...
It’s just better to not mention DK in the first place, it’s not something you can observe on a single speaker outside of a statistical study, and it simply doesn’t apply to all topics and all people, even when one does understand what the paper did show.