How many people are in a position to find out which doctor has the best value? Is there even a theoretical possibility that this could be done other than after the fact?
Just like any service provider, there are crowdsourced ratings like Yelp.
Are they any better than guesswork or flipping a coin?
Countries with public health care have problems with health care as well. It is not a silver bullet. The incentives are different but it is still an incentive driven system.
Very true. But it seems these countries try to keep the system accessible and affordable for patients. The US system seems designed to keep profits for providers, instances and employers while the patient has to pay without having having any market power. From a cost and transparency perspective I think it would be hard to design a worse system than the US system.
For all the faults of the US system, one can get some of the best medical care in the world in the US. It is very clear there is a lot of waste and excess cost due to the reasons you mentioned, but it isn't so bad as it is made out.