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US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

energy.gov

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Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#161
post #9

Every breakthroughs starts from government (people) funded initiatives, congrats to everyone involved, a future without the need to generate selfish profit is at reach!

Every breakthrough starts from government funded initiatives? Wilbur and Orville Wright disagree.

Without the accessibility of their public library, and public workers to guide them, they would have never been able to acquire the required knowledge in aeronautics

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#162
post #98

Calling this "ignition" is a misnomer. The correct term, as given in the article (as opposed to the headline) is exceeding breakeven: more fusion energy output than energy input to the target. "Ignition" means the reaction becomes self-sustaining and does not require any further input of energy to continue.

They actually achieved both ignition and scientific breakeven. The resultant fusion heat helped produced significantly more fusion, not just relying on external energy (ie from the laser implosion).

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#163

Here's your most exciting paragraph > LLNL’s experiment surpassed the fusion threshold by delivering 2.05 megajoules (MJ) of energy to the target, resulting in 3.15 MJ of fusion energy output, demonstrating for the first time a most fundamental science basis for inertial fusion energy (IFE). Many advanced science and technology developments are still needed to achieve simple, affordable IFE to power homes and busines…

Imagine if Musk spend 44 Billion fusion

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#164
Given the resulting output was "2x higher than expected", I'll wait patiently for any peer reviewed work on the subject and a replication (or improvement) of the results.

In the presentation they mentioned they couldn't reproduce the results immediately due to the containment imperfections -- at least that was my understanding.

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#165

> LLNL’s experiment surpassed the fusion threshold by delivering 2.05 megajoules (MJ) of energy to the target, resulting in 3.15 MJ of fusion energy output, demonstrating for the first time a most fundamental science basis for inertial fusion energy (IFE) Yesterday, everyone was complaining about the 2.2:2.0 ratio, but now we're working with 3.15:2.05. With modern lasers, that'd be a total Q of 0.375 assuming 100% ef…

This is a stupid question but I don't know anything about fusion: How is it possible for X energy to create X+Y energy in output? Doesn't that violate some fundamental law of physics?

If you look at the mass before of their fuel, 1 deuterium atom + 1 tritium atom:

    2.01410177811 u + 3.01604928 u = 5.03015105811 u
vs the mass of the fusion products of 1 helium atom and 1 neutron:

    4.002602 u + 1.008 u = 5.010602 u
You'll notice that even though we started with 5 neutrons and 2 protons and ended up with the same number there was some additional binding energy that is unaccounted for in the new configuration. This is the energy released by the fusion reaction via E = mc^2. Here we see the mass difference is:

    5.03015105811 u - 5.010602 u = 0.01954905811 u
Converting that to energy you find that is 17.6 MeV. As you go up the periodic table fusing nuclei you will get less and less marginal energy until you get to iron where at that point fusion become net negative and fission is then takes over where breaking nuclei apart gains energy, marginally more as you go up the periodic table. That's why you want to fuse light particles and fission very heavy particles. It is also why there is so much iron as it is kind of the base state of both of these reactions.

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#167
post #77
post #66

I hate to ask this, but have to ... is there any danger of these discoveries being weaponized easily by hostile countries? i.e. does this make unconventional weapons more accessible to countries who otherwise have embargoes on technology and material to make atomic weapons?

Fusion bombs (H bombs) have existed for a long time.

> Fusion bombs (H bombs) have existed for a long time.

and their yield can be made arbitrarily large with designs perfected in the 50s. I don't see this tech contributing to weapons. ...well maybe the lasers i guess but not the fusion at least.

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#168

2022, not ordered by importance: Dall.E 2, Chat-GPT, Fusion Ignition. Can't wait for 2023.

Putting these in the same basket is hardly justified.

Can you elaborate? Someone with no context can read your comment either way.

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#169
post #71

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The Q needs to be something like 500 to 1000, not because of energy breakeven, but to produce enough energy that the shot is financially positive. The amount of fusion energy produced in this shot is worth a penny or two. (And even then, it's dubious a laser fusion scheme will be competitive with other energy sources.)

Offset the financial viability with the cost of freedom from energy reliance and the need (more like craving) for military interventions

That would be a valid argument if the only alternative to fusion was petroleum.

Re: US Department of Energy: Fusion Ignition Achieved

#170

If ignition was achieved, why would they have to keep on shooting more fuel pellets? Shouldn't they just ignite one fuel pellet and feed in more fuel?

That's not really how NIF works. It's really a tiny bomb. It destroys the apparatus every time. It even wrecks the optics in the laser primary, which they have to regularly replace.
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