>> or from an employer where they don't pay cash.
Most employers in the US subsidize healthcare, but employees still pay. You usually pay X if you are single, a bit more if you are married, and ~2.5X if you are married with children. Each company has negotiated it slightly differently and it also depends on the specific plan and the state you are in.
but that is not all.
You also pay a co-pay ($15-$50) per visit to a doctor and a co-pay for many prescription drugs. In NYC, a pregnancy with my diamond healthplan cost ~$10k
You also pay a deductible (can be $0 to $5000 or more) where you cover the first $X of the annual payments.
Finally, depending on the state you are in (some allow it, some do not) you also pay balance billing. Basically, the hospital/doctor comes up with some surprise figure of how much you owe, they subtract what insurance paid, and you owe the rest. Usually it is nothing. In the case of more complicated things like surgery, it can be thousands.