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Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

dmarcchecker.app

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Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#151

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It's not quantum-safe though.

Larger keys won't make the algorithms quantum-safe either.

If I'm not mistaken, larger keys require more qbits in a machine to all be coherent together to be able to break it.

So it would be a slight increase in complexity, but if we are able to build a machine with enough qbits to crack 1024 keys, I don't think the engineering is all that far off from slightly scaling things up 2x-10x.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#152

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> "Keys of 512 bits have been shown to be practically breakable in 1999 when RSA-155 was factored by using several hundred computers and are now factored in a few weeks using common hardware." So we went to a few weeks to 8h in 14 years give or take

86 hours. 8 dollars. I wonder how scalable it is. They only used: > We chose a server with 8 dedicated vCPUs (AMD EPYC 7003 series) and 32 GB of RAM from Hetzner Not very beefy really. Beating this time is easily in range of, what, millions of people high end gaming machines?

I'm wondering if this process can be GPU optimized. It's possible to rent really beefy GPU cloud instances for a few bucks per hour. <1 hour seems to be in reach.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#154

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Probably because RSA 2048 is not yet broken, and once there we still have RSA 4096 to lean back on which is since quite some time the most common key size for most things using RSA (DKIM being one of the exceptions). In the context of DKIM we're waiting for Ed25519 to reach major adoption, which will solve a lot of annoyances for everyone.

> Probably because RSA 2048 is not yet broken […] 3072 has been recommended by various parties for a few years now: * https://www.keylength.com

Is there a compelling reason to use 3072 instead of 4096? If you're going to kick the can down the road you might as well put some effort into it. The difference in memory use/compute time has to be marginal at this point. It's not like the old days when jumping from 512 to 4096 made the encryption unusably slow.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#155

Me writing over 14 years ago: https://blog.jgc.org/2010/06/facebooks-dkim-rsa-key-should-b... This was doable 14 years ago for 512-bit keys.

For a number of years it was (non-officially) thought to be a feature to use weak DKIM keys. Some folks argued that short keys allowed you to preserve deniability, since DKIM signatures would only be short-lived and nobody would be able to use DKIM signatures to prove that any email was authentic. (I’m not saying that this is why most companies used short keys, just that there was a general view that short keys were…

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Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#156
post #6

Could someone help me understand why we're not dramatically ramping up key sizes across the board on all encryption? Not as a solution, but as a buy-some-time measure. Compute is rapidly increasing, there is continuous chatter about quantum and yet everyone seems to be just staring at their belly buttons. Obviously bigger keys are more expensive in compute, but we've got more too...why only use it on the cracking sid…

> Could someone help me understand why we're not dramatically ramping up key sizes across the board on all encryption? Not as a solution, but as a buy-some-time measure.

I am acutely aware that there are SOME places where software only supports RSA and only supports up to 1024-bit or 2048-bit keys, and that is a legal requirement. Ramping up key sizes would be great but even 2048-bit keys aren't quite secure against certain kinds of actors (even disregarding hammer-to-head style of attacks)

> Even simple things like forcing TLS 1.3 instead of 1.2 from client side breaks things

... kind've a case in point about the pace of required improvements.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#157

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ok, so there's a time window where it's possible to prove that you were the sender. And if I use a qualified timestamp service to sign all messages arriving in my inbox, then I can prove that you were the sender indefinitely.

Something like that, as long as you can also prove I hadn’t published the key prior to that. If I publish at random times and to random URL, that may be challenging.

Yes, but then it also encroaches on ability to verify that you were the sender when receiving the original email. Basically, unless the recipient also checks whether the current DKIM key has been published, then they can't trust it because it may be published. If it's being published at random times and to a random URL, then it's nearly impossible to actually check.

So I agree that it brings deniability, but I don't agree that it still meets the original purpose of verifying the sender.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#158
post #155

Earlier quoted context omitted.

For a number of years it was (non-officially) thought to be a feature to use weak DKIM keys. Some folks argued that short keys allowed you to preserve deniability, since DKIM signatures would only be short-lived and nobody would be able to use DKIM signatures to prove that any email was authentic. (I’m not saying that this is why most companies used short keys, just that there was a general view that short keys were…

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It's tiring that most things have to come back to politics nowadays.

Re: Cracking a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8 in the cloud

#160
post #148

Any tips on how to easily fetch the key length of DKIM-Keys from DNS? Just by looking at the DNS entries I can't easily determine the key length ;)

An easy way is to check the length of the p= value in the DKIM record. If it's around 216 characters, it's likely a 1024-bit key. A 2048-bit key usually has about 388 characters.
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