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Vision Language Models Are Biased

vlmsarebiased.github.io

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Re: Vision Language Models Are Biased

#141
post #139

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That's a biased definition, by it's own definition. ;) Leave out the part about being wrong, and you will have the gist of what I'm saying. Also leave out the identifiable part: bias exists regardless of whether or not it is recognized. Bias is how we work with subjectivity. When I answer a question, my answer will be specific to my bias. Without that bias, I could not formulate an answer, unless my answer was the on…

When you say that the definition I gave of bias is biased (in the sense I defined), what direction does it have a tendency to be wrong in? I assume by “wrong” you mean “not matching how people use the word”? To clarify, when I said “identifiable”, I didn’t mean “identified”. I meant “in principle possible to identify”. Like, if you have a classifier between inputs where another thing (the thing being judged for bias)…

> When you say that the definition I gave of bias is biased (in the sense I defined), what direction does it have a tendency to be wrong in? I assume by “wrong” you mean “not matching how people use the word”?

I mean wrong, as in it conflicts with the subjective context I established by using the word my particular way. That was just a tongue-and-cheek way to illustrate the semantics of we are exploring here.

> To clarify, when I said “identifiable”, I didn’t mean “identified”. I meant “in principle possible to identify”

Sure, and I still think that can't work. Bias is a soupy structure: it's useless to split it into coherent chunks and itemize them. There are patterns that flow between the chunks that are just as significant as the chunks themselves. This is why an LLM is essentially a black box: you can't meaningfully structure or navigate a model, because you would split the many-dimensional interconnections that make it what it is.

> Ah, I see, so your definition of “bias” is something like “a perspective” (except without anthropomorphizing).

I actually am anthropomorphizing here. Maybe I'm actually doing the inverse as well. My perspective is that human bias and statistical models are similar enough that we can learn more about both by exploring the implications of each.

> The issue I have with this definition is that it doesn’t capture the (quite common) usage of “bias” that a “bias” is something which is bad and is to be avoided.

This is where anthropomorphization of LLMs usually goes off the rails. I see it as a mistake in narrative, whether you are talking about human bias or statistical models alike. We talk about biases that are counterproductive for the same reason we complain about the things we like: it's more interesting to talk about what you think should change than what you think should stay the same. Bias is a feature of the system. Instances of bias we don't like can be called anti-features: the same thing with a negative connotation.

The point I'm making here is that bias is fallible, and bias is useful. Which one is entirely dependent on the circumstances it is subjected to.

I think this is a really useful distinction, because,

> Still, I think when people complain that a machine learning model is biased, what they mean is usually more like the definition I gave?

this is the box I would like to think outside of. We shouldn't constrain ourselves to consider the implications of bias exclusively when it's bad. We should also explore the implications of bias when it's neutral or good! That way we can get a more objective understanding of the system. This can help us improve our understanding of LLMs, and help us understand the domain of the problem we want them to solve.

> For a simple example, if dice aren’t fair, we call them biased.

This is a good example. I'm extending the word bias, so that we can say, "If dice are fair, then they are biased toward true randomness." It's a bit like introducing infinity mathematics. This has the result of making our narrative simpler: dice are always biased. A player who wants fairness will desire random bias, and a player who wants to cheat will desire deterministic bias.

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The reason I've been thinking about this subject so much is actually not from an interest in LLMs. I've been pondering a new approach where traditional computation can leverage subjectivity as a first-class feature, and accommodate ambiguity into a computable system. This way, we could factor out software incompatibility completely. I would love to hear what you think about it. In case this thread reaches max depth, feel free to email my username at gmail.

Re: Vision Language Models Are Biased

#142
post #30

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are they? Did you see the picture of the chicken with three legs? Because there's no human I know who would confidently assert that chicken has two legs.

If I were given five seconds to glance at the picture of a lion and then asked if there was anything unusual about it, I doubt I would notice that it had a fifth leg. If I were asked to count the number of legs, I would notice right away of course, but that's mainly because it would alert me to the fact that I'm in a psychology experiment, and so the number of legs is almost certainly not the usual four. Even then, I…

Ok, but the computers were asked to specifically count the legs and return a number. So you've made the case that humans would specifically find this question odd, and likely increase their scrutiny. Making an error by a human even more unusual.

Re: Vision Language Models Are Biased

#143

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are they? Did you see the picture of the chicken with three legs? Because there's no human I know who would confidently assert that chicken has two legs.

Throw 1000 pictures of chickens at a human, ask how many legs each chicken has. If 999 of them have two, I bet you'll get two as an answer back for the 1000th one no matter how obvious.

So a human failure looks like "alarm fatigue"? That when asked the same question many times, they might miss one or two?

Is that at all what is being exhibited here? Because it seems like the AI is being asked once and failing.

I don't disagree that humans might fail at this task sometimes or in some situations, but I strongly disagree that the way the AI fails resembles (in any way) the way humans would fail.

Re: Vision Language Models Are Biased

#144
post #102
post #70

> When VLMs make errors, they don't make random mistakes. Instead, 75.70% of all errors are "bias-aligned" - meaning they give the expected answer based on prior knowledge rather than what they actually see in the image. This is what I've been saying for a while now, and I think it's not just visual models. LLMs/transformers make mistakes in different ways than humans do, and that is why they are not reliable (which…

> When VLMs make errors, they don't make random mistakes. Instead, 75.70% of all errors are "bias-aligned" - meaning they give the expected answer based on prior knowledge rather than what they actually see in the image. Yeah, that's exactly what our paper said 5 years ago! They didn't even cite us :( "Measuring Social Biases in Grounded Vision and Language Embeddings" https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.08911

Hello 0xab,

Sorry that we missed your work. There are a lot of works in this area both textual and visual, especially social biases.

We wish to mention all but the space is limited so one can often discuss the most relevant ones. We'll consider discussing yours in our next revision.

Genuine question: Would you categorize the type of bias in our work "social"?

Re: Vision Language Models Are Biased

#145
post #72
post #40

Earlier quoted context omitted.

If it were a Fiction novel then might I suggest Blindsight by Peter Watts?

not fiction. Maybe like a System 1 vs System 2 thing from Thinking, Fast and Slow by Kahneman. ChatGPT mentioned The Case Against Reality but I never read that, the idea was similar.

Maybe one of the books by Douglas Hofstadter? Godel Escher Bach? or I Am A Strange Loop?
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