Some other less-cited reasons home ownership may increasingly be considered expensive:
- Increasing density in older cities requires infrastructure upgrades that are much more complex and expensive to retrofit than it was to plan and build the first time when space was abundant.
- Multi-story buildings are more expensive per floor space area than single-story buildings. As cities become denser, the added expense of multi-story buildings is realised.
- Home standards have dramatically increased. We've forgotten how common it used to be for houses to leak during storms, or how hot or cold houses used to be without any insulation or HVAC systems. We've forgotten flash floods caused by inadequate stormwater systems. Where children used to grow up in bunk beds in tiny shared bedrooms, they now are expected to have their own adult-sized room. Where a small kitchen used to suffice, people now expect a huge show kitchen and butlers pantry that is double the size of old smaller kitchens. Or in a country such as China, millions of people have forgotten what living in a cave house was like for their grandparents.
- Complexity of expected amenities and public services have dramatically increased, resulting in people wanting to live inside large cities rather than spread out across small towns. People want to live within an hour of travel to a MRI machine and healthcare specialists. Or instead of shopping at one food store or dining out in one of two restaurants in a small town, people want to be within a few minutes of 20 choices of cuisine in a large city.
- Materials are more expensive because it has been realised that clear-felling old growth forest is not sustainable, nor is digging up the easiest to extract resources, and we're just starting to realise how expensive sustainable resource extraction actually is. As a result of increased quality of housing and infrastructure, materials are enormously more complex and varied.
- Safety standards for construction labour are significantly improved, even if just by worker and public expectation. It's no longer acceptable for labourers to be working in dusty environments or working at heights without scaffolding and harnesses having been planned and setup first.
- Increasingly affluent populations are aging and naturally reducing in size. In such a demographic shift, workers can prefer safer and easier jobs that don't risk life-long back and joint injuries and all the other types of health risks common to the construction industry.