Live data from Hacker News

Circles do not exist

nibblestew.blogspot.com

141–150 of 217 posts

Re: Circles do not exist

#141
post #78

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You completely missed his point. Pick a DPI, make a raster circle - it's accurate to the DPI you pick. Now use a Bezier to make that circle (and rasterize it to that DPI). It's not accurate to that DPI.

I don't see the conceptual difference between approximating a circle as a set of raster points, and approximating a circle as a Bezier curve. Also, it was the author's choice to frame the article in edgy universal terms "Circles do not exist" rather than something like a more pedestrian "Circles don't exist in PDF".

> I don't see the conceptual difference between approximating a circle as a set of raster points, and approximating a circle as a Bezier curve.

One approximates the circle to the limit of the chosen resultion, the other simply has an error. A small error, but an error nontheless.

Re: Circles do not exist

#143

I thought the article would go further and posit that Circles do not exist in reality as they are approximations of a mathematical ideal. But the author does present the raster image as a bonafide circle, rather than the approximation that it truly is -- more resolved than others or not. A zoomed in excerpt of the author's rasterized circle approximation clearly shows that scale is key in perception of reified ideals…

That's true in a sense, but you've got to go way down. At a fine enough level --- say, at the level of atoms --- all material things are granular, and circular or spherical things are built stepwise from material building blocks, as though from pixels. Thus even very "smooth" things are rough and granular. Further: There are no circular (2D) molecules; nature prefers hexagons and other polygons for that. Even the pro…

What about orbits?

Re: Circles do not exist

#144
post #141

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I don't see the conceptual difference between approximating a circle as a set of raster points, and approximating a circle as a Bezier curve. Also, it was the author's choice to frame the article in edgy universal terms "Circles do not exist" rather than something like a more pedestrian "Circles don't exist in PDF".

> I don't see the conceptual difference between approximating a circle as a set of raster points, and approximating a circle as a Bezier curve. One approximates the circle to the limit of the chosen resultion, the other simply has an error. A small error, but an error nontheless.

Neither rectangular pixels nor Bezier curves are bases capable of perfectly/natively representing a circle. Either one can approximate a circle to within some arbitrarily chosen amount of error, based on increasing the number of pixels or the number of Bezier curve segments.

For a given circle and DPI, one can figure out the minimum number of Bezier curves necessary to represent the circle such that rendering those Bezier curves out to pixels will get you the exact same result as having rendered the circle in pixels directly.

Re: Circles do not exist

#145

Earlier quoted context omitted.

That's true in a sense, but you've got to go way down. At a fine enough level --- say, at the level of atoms --- all material things are granular, and circular or spherical things are built stepwise from material building blocks, as though from pixels. Thus even very "smooth" things are rough and granular. Further: There are no circular (2D) molecules; nature prefers hexagons and other polygons for that. Even the pro…

What about orbits?

What, precessing ellipses with major and minor axes?

What about them?

Re: Circles do not exist

#147

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I don't think the statement attempted to invalidate the article, there are many gems inside, such as the idea that human perception elongates the vertical axis, etc.

You wouldn't happen to have a link handy about that vertical axis perception thing would you, I l'm super curious about it.

I haven't been able to find anything corroborating the claim. But I, perhaps gullibly, shared the perception. Did find this somewhat related white paper during my short search: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004269890...

Re: Circles do not exist

#149
post #27

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think the OP is really just frustrated with the idea that CAD will use PDF and, in that application, 0.03% deviation can be too much.

if being off by 3 units on a 10,000 unit circle actually matters, you have stricter requirements than most industry bodies. If you're fabricating parts that have tolerances measured in 1/10th of a thou , the machines you use absolutely don't ask for PDF, they ingest proper control code.

It absolutely matters. The type of fit you get between a shaft and a hole differs on the order of 5 - 10 microns [1]. A micron is 0.01% of a cm so 0.03% can consume a large portion of your tolerance budget.

For example, you can make a shaft that fits in a hole like a spring because it can slide freely but air can't get out and you can shave a few microns off and it will sink into the hole at a controlled rate. This is all easily achievable in a home machine shop on a manual lathe. With Wire EDM, you can achieve even tighter tolerances and it would be perfectly possible to generate a part that could fit but could not spin because of the PDF error.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interference_fit

Re: Circles do not exist

#150

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Perfect shapes do not exist on a physical level, so they're all approximations https://factmyth.com/factoids/there-are-no-straight-lines-or...

What about black holes? Do non-rotating ones create perfect spheres?

Have we ever seen a non rotating galaxy or star system?
Post reply on HN