Earlier quoted context omitted.
US governments aren't very good at this - because they don't bank the good times. How many US governments have "Sovereign wealth funds"?
I can guarantee you that states that did would be hammered by anti-tax people thinking that they were overtaxed.
The "pro-tax" people in my area are also generally against this sort of thing, because they want nothing more than to take more money and spend it on special constituencies.
For example, my state passed a sales tax that was sold to us as a way to better preserve our parks, wild lands and cultural heritage. About 19% has gone to the DNR, which means less actually went to the stated cause. The rest is being funneled to art projects that are poorly received and utilized.
Mind you, this is in a state that's very pro-taxation, and otherwise very liberal.