I hate that HN's guidelines ask me not to do this, but it's hard to answer point-by-point when there are so many.
> You have to actually know or intend the criminal use.
> If a company knowingly provides a service to facilitate imminent lawless action, that's already illegal.
And if I tell an AI chatbot that I'm intending to commit a crime, and somehow it assists me in doing so, the company behind that service should have knowledge that its service is helping people commit crimes. That's most of SB 53 right there: companies must demonstrate actual knowledge about what their models are producing and have a plan to deal with the inevitable slip-up.
Companies do not want to be held liable for their products convincing teens to kill themselves, or supplying the next Timothy McVeigh with bomb-making info. That's why SB 53 exists; this is not coming from concerned parents or the like. The tech companies are scared shitless that they will be forced to implement even worse restrictions when some future Supreme Court case holds them liable for some disaster that their AIs assisted in creating.
A framework like SB 53 gives them the legal basis to say, "Hey, we know our AIs can help do [government-defined bad thing], but here are the mitigations in place and our track record, all in accordance with the law".
> When the state mandates that companies must identify and filter certain types of information because the government deemed them "dangerous capabilities," that's a speech restriction on the companies.
Does the output of AI models represent the company's speech, or does it not? You can't have your cake and eat it too. If it does, then we should treat it like speech and hold companies responsible for it when something goes wrong. If it doesn't, then the entire First Amendment argument is moot.
> The government is forcing companies to build censorship infrastructure instead of letting them make editorial choices.
Here's the problem: the nature of LLMs themselves do not allow companies to fully implement their editorial choices. There will always be mistakes, and one will be costly enough to put AIs on the national stage. This is the entire reason behind SB 53 and the desire for a framework around AI technology, not just from the state, but from the companies producing the AIs themselves.