Earlier quoted context omitted.
> When I was working on evolutionary dynamics in the late 90s, a group of us from across the world were trying to build an evolutionary model that showed the emergence of altruistic behaviour. OK, math. There are 200 people in Group A. Each has the choice of taking 1 point for themselves or giving 2 points to the group. If everyone gives 2 points then everyone gets 2 points. If everyone keeps the 1 point then no one…
Try it. With actual evolving populations with inherited strategies, and without hard-coding group selection. Without hard-coding the groups as separate evolving units, you'll have a hard time. In general, it is easy to show the group behaviors you want if you can treat the group as atomic for the purpose of the model. But you've just moved the goalposts, your 'individuals' are not the unit of evolution any more, and…
Unless you're disputing the existence of group selection in real systems, what does hard coding it change vs. a given system where it is an emergent property?