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Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

calc.datova.ai

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Re: Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

#121
post #116

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> The results are surprisingly good, I don't think I could've done better as a human I'm actually surprised that the performance is so poor and would expect a human to do much better. The GPT model has embedding PLUS a whole transformer model that can untangle the embedded structure. To clarify some of the issues: data is both singular and plural, being a mass noun[0,1]. Datum is something you'll find in the dictiona…

You are being unnecessarily cynical. These are all subjective. I thought "datum" and "datasets" was quite clever, and while I would've chosen "man" for "king - crown" myself, I actually find "ruler" a better solution after seeing it. But each to their own. The rant about network architecture misses my point, which is that an LLM does not just do a linear transformation and a similarity search. Sure, in the most abstr…

I'm an engineer and researcher, it is my job to find problems, so that they can be resolved. I'd say this is different from being cynical as that tends to be dismissive. I understand how my comment can come off that way, though it wasn't my intention, so I'm clarifying.

You're right that there's subjectivity but not infinitely so. There is a bound to this and that's both required for language to work and for us to build these models. I did agree that the data one was tricky so not really going to argue, I was just pointing out a critical detail given that the models learn through pattern matching rather than a dictionary. It's why I made the comment about humans. As for ruler minus crown, I gave my explication, would you care to share yours? I'd like to understand your point of view so I can better my interpretation of the results, because frankly I don't understand. What is the semantic relationship being changed if not the attribute of ruler?

The architecture part was a miscommunication. I hope you understand how I misunderstood you when you said "this doesn't do embedding math like OP!". It is clear I'm not alone either.

  > Actually, to be VERY pedantic, that would not even be true, because ChatGPT's tokenizer embeds tokens, not words.
To be pedantic, people generally refer to the tokenization and embedding simply as embedding. It's the common verbiage. This is because with BPE you are performing these steps simultaneously and the term is appropriate given the longer usage in math.

I was just trying to help you understand a different viewpoint.

Re: Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

#127
post #113

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Well when it works out it is quite satisfying India - Asia + Europe = Italy Japan - Asia + Europe = Netherlands China - Asia + Europe = Soviet-Union Russia - Asia + Europe = European Russia calculation + machine = computer

democracy - vote = progressivism I'll have to mediate on that.

person + man + woman + camera + television = user

Re: Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

#128
post #64

Earlier quoted context omitted.

For fun, I pasted these into ChatGPT o4-mini-high and asked it for an opinion: data + plural = datasets data - plural = datum king - crown = ruler king - princess = man king - queen = prince queen - king = woman king + queen = royalty boy + age = man man - age = boy woman - age = girl woman + age = elderly woman girl + age = woman girl + old = grandmother The results are surprisingly good, I don't think I could've do…

> The results are surprisingly good, I don't think I could've done better as a human I'm actually surprised that the performance is so poor and would expect a human to do much better. The GPT model has embedding PLUS a whole transformer model that can untangle the embedded structure. To clarify some of the issues: data is both singular and plural, being a mass noun[0,1]. Datum is something you'll find in the dictiona…

"King-crown=ruler" is IMO absolutely apt. Arguing that "crown" can be used metaphorically is a bit disingenuous because first, it's very rarely applied to non-monarchs, and is a very physical, concrete symbol of power that separates monarchs from other rulers.

"King-princess=man" can be thought to subtract the "royalty" part of "king"; "man" is just as good an answer as any else.

"King-queen=prince" I'd think of as subtracting "ruler" from "king", leaving a male non-ruling member of royalty. "gender-unspecified non-ruling royal" would be even better, but there's no word for that in English.

Re: Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

#129

> king-man+woman=queen Is the famous example everyone uses when talking about word vectors, but is it actually just very cherry picked? I.e. are there a great number of other "meaningful" examples like this, or actually the majority of the time you end up with some kind of vaguely tangentially related word when adding and subtracting word vectors. (Which seems to be what this tool is helping to illustrate, having bri…

Also, as I just learned the other day, the result was never equal, just close to "queen" in the vector space.

I mean they are floating point vectors so

Re: Show HN: Semantic Calculator (king-man+woman=?)

#130

data + plural = number data - plural = research king - crown = (didn't work... crown gets circled in red) king - princess = emperor king - queen = kingdom queen - king = worker king + queen = queen + king = kingdom boy + age = (didn't work... boy gets circled in red) man - age = woman woman - age = newswoman woman + age = adult female body (tied with man) girl + age = female child girl + old = female child The other…

Such results are inherently limited because a same word can have different meanings depending on context.

The role of the Attention Layer in LLMs is to give each token a better embedding by accounting for context.

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