Earlier quoted context omitted.
You can still have the cookie concept, and have the session id be a random number each time someone sends a tab to the site. The cookie can hold those preferences, and the session id can be used for session stuff. As a bonus, you can then only load the cookie on the first page load, and keep the values in cache associated with the browser random session number, saving in data transfer issues, and losing nothing. And…
ok, so I grpk the idea correctly it is something like "send the cookie-like-data from the client only on the first GET, if you are doing it over HTTP/1.1 single TCP connection" - that sense (and could be easily made into an extension to HTTP/1.1 - [though it creates the dependency between the different GET requests] - have the server will just send "X-Dont-Send-Me-More-Cookies-in-this-TCP: yes!" header from the serve…
Sure, centralized data sounds big and scary, because a single security instance looses a million people's data in one go, but how is it any different from a million security instances in a virus losing "only" 1 person's data?
Similarly, I don't understand how it is remotely feasible to think that storing your shipping adress on your computer vs on a site that is shipping you stuff changes things -- I mean, they still have to get your address to send you the stuff you ordered. It is a fundamental requirement of shipping. Address is not a private bit of info.
Fingerprinting will be around, so it is probable that there will still be tracking. Can't beat that right now, so lets not conflate that with other problems. Instead lets look at the problems that are solved: cookies store data to make it easy to not just correlate and be probably right about the user, but be perfect. Further, they can be hijacked and otherwise stolen and used by malicious third parties, giving data beyond just the access patterns to the site in question. Session ids can be engineered to not have this inherent problem, cutting down information leakage. Further, I imagine plugins that will keep drack of your worst data offenders, and force a new session id every request from them, making the data tracking and correlation even more difficult.
It isn't an all or nothing game, even if you get rid of the low-hanging-fruit abuses, it is a win. Yes, new stuff will come along, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't try, particularly when the current scenarios allow all the bad stuff you can think of, but easier.