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Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

nationalgeographic.com

121–130 of 143 posts

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#121

Isn’t the question of just-what-is-life-anyway more of a worry for linguists and philosophers rather than scientists? “Life” as it were, is a concept invented with either the intention of distinguishing “us” from the rocks around ourselves, or, if you’re being slightly less charitable, giving “us” a way to insult the, um, others. Sure, drawing some line in the sand between mice and boulders is a great idea, but it’s…

This seems like just another way of saying we don’t understand life scientifically yet. When we do finally agree on a mathematically rigorous definition of life, it will seem obvious in retrospect and scientists will kick philosophers off the field, just like they did with previous subjects like the composition of matter, the movement of heavenly bodies, etc. Every scientific topic has to go through a messy definitio…

Both geocentrism with epicycles and phlogiston were clearly defined as theories. We have just changed paradigms.

(Also by phlogiston's time, philosophers and natural philosophers = physicists had already pretty much split.)

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#122
post #95

But isn't there a major flaw here? If you require all 3 components (proteins, RNA, and lipid bilayers) as what classifies "life", then what necessarily created _those_ components? Aren't only basic compounds and elements the only thing naturally occuring in the universe? So where did the amino acids and fats come from? It's back to the chicken or the egg problem.

The common theory is of the RNA world. In theory, if the entire organism is just a long RNA strand, there is no need for proteins or lipid bilayers. How such an organism emerged in the first place is already quite hard to know. Actually lipid bilayers are extremely complicated as they have to filter what gets into the cell and what doesn't, as well as what might leave it. Earlier systems might have done without them…

The article points out that it's not clear whether RNA-only can work, and that all 3 components might have been required.

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#123
post #110
post #65

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Just because it happens outside the ‘parents’ body doesn’t mean the environment does it anymore than a mother being only a filter around the womb and the environment. An egg is a complex life that can reproduce the whole organism (and actually with energy stored INSIDE, that’s why they are great nutritios value for others)

The distinction between environment and organism here seems a little arbitrary. The organism’s cells have membranes, but they’re permeable and the organism can’t do its job without an interaction between itself and the environment. Even with the energy stored inside, it requires warmth and atmospheric pressure. I suspect there are any number of counter examples of life forms that challenge the simplicity of this form…

Isn’t each cell a life form unto itself? Like there are cell lines from cancer cells that has been living outside their ‘host’ long after the human they were aquired from died (HeLa) They just specialize in an specific environment created and maintained by cells with the same genetic material

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#124

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The crystal thing is throwing me (a geologist) off. Basically all Earth materials are crystalline. So rocks are alive (colonial organisms I guess since they are aggregates of crystalline minerals) but the magma that they crystallize from is not alive? Or is magma alive too? What about obsidian, which is glass but compositionally identical to a crystalline igneous rock. No crystals! The Earth's crust and mantle: Cryst…

Playing devil's advocate: "crystalline" in bulk is different from "a crystal". I think the idea is that individual crystals are "alive" in that sense, and the bulk is maybe a colonial organism. Maybe quartz crystals forming in a chunk of what will soon be granite are only "alive" in the brief period where they are still growing. When the rock solidifies, the crystal "starves" and "dies", leaving only a corpse. Meltin…

Interesting parallel, after all crystals release energy in the form of heat while forming!

Edit : forgot about crystals that absorb energy while forming:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25516072

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#125

Considering that the first proto-computers were not programmable, I can't help but be skeptical that the first life needed genetic material. Certainly there were lipid membranes. Maybe there were spontaneous proteins, maybe there was purely-catalytic RNA. I guess it's also a matter of line drawing. I'm OK with calling crystals life, for example. One should feel bad about breaking up big ones the same as one should fe…

The crystal thing is throwing me (a geologist) off. Basically all Earth materials are crystalline. So rocks are alive (colonial organisms I guess since they are aggregates of crystalline minerals) but the magma that they crystallize from is not alive? Or is magma alive too? What about obsidian, which is glass but compositionally identical to a crystalline igneous rock. No crystals! The Earth's crust and mantle: Cryst…

> the 'life' gradation needs to branch like a Bezier curve off the x axis at some point for it to be a functional term.

What do you mean? Bezier curves are 2d parametric curves, the x and y axes are completely arbitrary...

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#126

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think you've got a minority opinion calling crystals "alive," although it does jibe with one definition of life that I heard: "any self-sustaining system that reduces internal entropy."

Crystals don’t reduce their internal entropy. They grow only on the interface with the media, and the portions of the crystal that become internal during this process do not change after crystallization if kept at constant temp and pressure. In contrast, if you put a plant and its media (soil, air, water) into constant temp and pressure, the plant will continue to grow and change until it exhausts the media. (assumin…

If an external disturbance scatters the atoms inside the crystal, they will snap back to the lattice again. In a way similar (up to a point) to "normal" living organism's homeostasis.

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#127
post #78

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Metabolism has two parts: Catabolism breaks down complex molecules into smaller building block molecules - think proteins -> amino acids. Then anabolism uses those building blocks to build up larger molecules for growth and maintenance. Crystals don't do the catabolism part.

Nah, this seems more like an implementation detail than an actual core of life's "functionality".

Looks like cell's phospholipid bilayer is anabolized just like an "endothermic" crystal : no need to cross a potential barrier (and releases energy instead of consuming it)?

On the other hand, other forms of anabolism require crossing an energy barrier (and consumes energy) ?

While catabolysm is the inverse operation : crosses a barrier, but releases energy?

The formation/destruction of "exothermic" crystals like dissolution of Sodium Hydroxide if put in contact with water is I guess similar to above two reactions ? (Or better example: explosives)

Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#129
post #26

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I don't think there will be any consequences of importance, for a different, simple reason: people generally resist changing their worldview and will do mental gymnastics to preserve it.

Exactly. Not really the same thing, but if alien life was found on Europe or Enceladus, religions would resist to change their theologies.

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Re: Tibor Gánti's ideas about the origins of life

#130
post #14

Earlier quoted context omitted.

What do you think the ethical consequences will be? Genuinely curious, because I don't really see what they would be, or why there would be any. At least not compared to something like e.g. creating an actual artificial intelligence, and then needing to decide if it has rights, and what kind and so on. Creating a novel type of microorganism out of non-living components doesn't really seem to come with the same kind o…

Well, for those whose ethics are founded on their religious beliefs and whose religious beliefs are dependent on the premise that only God can create life, then there might be some adjustment to be made - but people are very good at dealing with inconvenient facts in ways both rational and irrational.

As a Christian that has read the Bible probably a dozen times, I know of nothing in the book that says only God can create life.

Can you point me to a spot where it says that?

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