I find that the more senior you become, the less you rely on software design patterns. Juniors often think that learning design patterns is some kind of career hack which will allow them to skip ahead a decade of experience... There is some utility in many design patterns but the problem is that juniors often miss the nuance and the motivation behind the patterns and they tend to misuse them; often creating more comp…
I wouldn't say it's cringe. A factory is a factory. Calling it that in the code may not be the best idea, but having the shared vocabulary is nice. Basically, patterns work well when they're descriptive rather than prescriptive. There are two cases that are unique though: state machines and visitors are so much things on their own, that you'll use those names almost every time you run into the pattern.
The magical "visitor" pattern becomes nothing more than simple callback passing or passing a function, which is one of the most natural things to do in a modern programming language.
State machines at least are useful as a conceptual thing, to find a way to think about how one solves a problem, no matter how they are ultimately implemented in the end.