As I recently wrote on Cowen's blog, a lot of the electorate doesn't know how tariffs work. Say I manufacture a widget in [country]. At present, there is no manufacturer of that widget in the USA. We export to the USA, and now the US importer or distributor pays a ~25% tariff on the declared value to Fedgov. Then that US importer or distributor receives the widgets and sells them. Because its margin is down, it raise…
[country] may have no other place to sell to, at least immediately, and at the same transportation cost. Moreover, unlike US, [country] may not have diversified its trade. The US may be able to control inflation like last time, by buying some of these goods from elsewhere and through interest rates etc.
Interestingly, Australia didn't retaliate against China. We keep buying the Chinese stuff at the usual cheap prices, and found other markets for our goods they banned. China paid more, or did without. So we didn't have any leverage, but China normalised trade with Australia after a while anyway.
I have no idea which way it will go here, but "USA big, Canada little, so USA wins" isn't a foregone conclusion.
Perhaps the most nimble nation wins. The most nimble nation usually isn't the one putting up trade barriers and antagonising neighbours and friends. I reckon you'll know the outcome by the end of Trump's term, if it said term doesn't continue forever.