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Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

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Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#111

Post by amelius »

fsh wrote: post #105
amelius wrote: post #103

If the pulses are so short, would it be possible to create an EUV light source from this technology?

Lithography requires the highest possible average intensity, while the pulse length is irrelevant. The laser-driven tin plasma sources used in EUV lithography produce around 7 orders of magnitude more power than the most powerful sources based on high harmonic generation.

> while the pulse length is irrelevant

I was thinking along the lines of: 1 attosecond corresponds to .3nm, so very short wavelength, so very deep UV.

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#112

Post by mjfl »

noobermin wrote: post #31

There is some nice sweet irony here. Very marginal inside baseball. I know of one of the recipients although indirectly. I felt like their group was kept around their university physics dept because they were known to be good in that field, while generally their colleagues were generally not respected as their physics (which was derisively deemed "AMO" as if it were an epithet) was not seen as "fundamental" enough by…

seems absurd. AMO is the only opportunity to study high energy physics where you're not a cog in a giant machine.

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#113

Post by alex_c »

spacemadness wrote: post #97
sidcool wrote: post #52

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How the hell do they do it! I can't even reduce 100 ms latency from my API calls.

Superimposing light waves at various frequencies—-similar to how some sound canceling headphones work with sound waves, where sounds cancel if of different phases—where the top of one wave starts at the same time the bottom of the second wave does. It does this by creating overtones when the light hits a gas. It’s not just turning on light and turning it off again like a switch. Maybe try superimposing your API calls…

Linked elsewhere in this thread:

https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/popular-physicspr...

I understand (at an undergrad level) superimposing light waves. But this blows my mind:

At the same time, Ferenc Krausz and his research group in Austria were working on a technique that could select a single pulse – like a carriage being uncoupled from a train and switched to another track. The pulse they succeeded in isolating lasted 650 attoseconds

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#114

Post by EricLeer »

amelius wrote: post #111
fsh wrote: post #105

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Lithography requires the highest possible average intensity, while the pulse length is irrelevant. The laser-driven tin plasma sources used in EUV lithography produce around 7 orders of magnitude more power than the most powerful sources based on high harmonic generation.

> while the pulse length is irrelevant I was thinking along the lines of: 1 attosecond corresponds to .3nm, so very short wavelength, so very deep UV.

The wave length and pulse length aren't the same thing though. The short pulsed lasers actually consists of light that have many different wave lengths in them!

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#115

Post by azepoi »

simonh wrote: post #81
HerculePoirot wrote: post #40

Earlier quoted context omitted.

In french academic circles, we use the word "mandarin" to refer to a powerful academic figure.

Cool. In the UK that's used for powerful civil servants.

Understood it that way in french too.

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#116

Post by amelius »

EricLeer wrote: post #114
amelius wrote: post #111

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> while the pulse length is irrelevant I was thinking along the lines of: 1 attosecond corresponds to .3nm, so very short wavelength, so very deep UV.

The wave length and pulse length aren't the same thing though. The short pulsed lasers actually consists of light that have many different wave lengths in them!

Yes, but shouldn't there be a peak in the spectrum near the frequency corresponding to the pulselength?

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#117

Post by dotnet00 »

belinder wrote: post #71
urthor wrote: post #33

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Academic politics is something else. I thought for awhile those guys got lucky and skip office politics. Then I realize that PhD level IQs + pressure to get into the fancy journals means that the politics is 古典小說 tier.

If academic is all politics and favoritism then wouldn't that also apply to the prizes at the top? The people deciding or at least confirming scientific breakthroughs for stuff like nobel prizes must be scientists too, no? So if it's all politics, why are they immune to it?

There's plenty of politics and arbitrariness to Nobel prizes (especially in non-science prizes, eg giving Obama or Malala the peace prize), which probably makes it less of an issue that there may be some politicking within the small group of potential laureates since who among them actually wins is relatively arbitrary.

Eg since only 3 people can win a prize, you can have cases like Francois Englert and Peter Higgs winning the prize for the Higgs Boson despite 4 other scientists having published papers on the same thing around the same time, and the scientists at the LHC who actually confirmed its existence.

Similarly, a work can have won a prize, but if one of the authors passes away before the nomination is made, that person misses out on the title.

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#118

Post by liotier »

liotier wrote: post #106
jb1991 wrote: post #58

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Don't be too hard on yourself. We can't all be Nobel laureates.

Indeed - the state of HTLM parsing is not so bad that improving it might produce Nobel Laureates...

Damn, I meant HTML !

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#119

Post by spacemadness »

alex_c wrote: post #113
spacemadness wrote: post #97

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Superimposing light waves at various frequencies—-similar to how some sound canceling headphones work with sound waves, where sounds cancel if of different phases—where the top of one wave starts at the same time the bottom of the second wave does. It does this by creating overtones when the light hits a gas. It’s not just turning on light and turning it off again like a switch. Maybe try superimposing your API calls…

Linked elsewhere in this thread: https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/popular-physicspr... I understand (at an undergrad level) superimposing light waves. But this blows my mind: At the same time, Ferenc Krausz and his research group in Austria were working on a technique that could select a single pulse – like a carriage being uncoupled from a train and switched to another track. The pulse they succeeded in is…

Understanding it at a high-level certainly doesn’t take away from the achievement one bit. You still have to be incredibly precise and know the techniques inside and out. Obviously everyone agrees since they received a Nobel Prize.

Re: Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to Agostini, Krausz, and L’Huillier

#120

Post by RantyDave »

So, and I'm feeling a bit stupid here, not visible light? Because the pulse must be a complete wave, right? It goes from not being there, to being there, to not being there. And "a few dozen attoseconds" is very much shorter than the wave period of visible light. These flashes are low end x-rays?
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