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Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

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Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#111

Would it be possible to re-green deserts with this technology? Does anyone know of any studies on using this technology to combat climate change?

Not likely. This is much less cost efficient at scale than desalination through reverse osmosis (RO). And RO itself is generally too expensive to be used for large scale irrigation.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#112

For those curious what the 385% refers to > the team’s demonstration device can achieve an overall efficiency of 385 percent in converting the energy of sunlight into the energy of water evaporation. Honestly I still don't know what that means, or how efficiency can be over 100%.

My guess is that they get 3.85 times as much water evaporated as the energy used to just normally evaporate water. They did that by also using the energy from condensation to be put in the process again.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#113
post #95

What is this aerogel thing, and this "capillary wick"? Not bad for $100, but I'm more interested in durability, if parts needs to be replaced and maintained, and if yes what is required to make those parts.

The capillary wick is literally a paper towel.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#114

> 1.5 gallons of fresh drinking water per hour for every square meter 7 litres per m^2 per hour.

Back of the envelope - say that you could get 7-8 hours of sunlight a day that could destill water. That would mean ~50 liters/day. ~20 Days to get 1m^3. Reverse Osmosis costs approx $0.50/m^3 water, so your payback on a $100 system would be ~200 * 20 Days or 4,000 Days to equal what you could get for spending $100 on buying water from a reverse osmosis system. The objective here isn't large scale economics, but self…

There are a lot of quite liveable islands that are deserted only due to lack of fresh water. This could change that.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#115

FTA: "Unlike some desalination systems, there is no accumulation of salt or concentrated brines to be disposed of. In a free-floating configuration, any salt that accumulates during the day would simply be carried back out at night through the wicking material and back into the seawater, according to the researchers." The capabilities are freaking interesting, but let's say someone builds a big enough settlement on a…

Salt release is already a huge environmental concern with exiting desalinization systems. Energy consumption and installation costs aren't the sole (and probably not the main) problems. Desalinization is inherently a pollution.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#116

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The sea is a big place. I could imagine perhaps some very localised effects near the plant, but even this isn't obvious.

> imagine > perhaps > but even this isn't obvious So basically you're admitting you don't know anything about the subject, but you're making a conclusion anyway. It's OK to admit you don't know enough about a subject, and it's OK to not comment or theorize based on no knowledge besides an imagination.

A man once said, "imagination is more important than knowledge."

That man's name? Albert Einstein.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#117
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The article directly addresses your point.

It doesn't. Any salt extraction creates brine which must be disposed of somehow.

The trick is to flow seawater past the still and take only, say, 1% of the water from each litre that flows past, which you can do with a still as opposed to a filter.

It's a bit like slingshotting a space probe past venus. Technically to move Venus a bit closer to the sun, but not enough to make a difference.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#118
post #30

For those curious what the 385% refers to > the team’s demonstration device can achieve an overall efficiency of 385 percent in converting the energy of sunlight into the energy of water evaporation. Honestly I still don't know what that means, or how efficiency can be over 100%.

The 100% level refers to a system where all energy goes to heating up water in order to evaporate it, and then letting it cool down to condense it. All the energy that was spent to heat up the water, is lost to the environment in the "cooling down" step. If some of the heat is instead recovered during condensation to heat up the next batch of water, then you have >100% efficiency.

Unless you ignore energy sources from the environment you cannot exceed 100% efficiency. And that would be incorrect, applying that same standard to photovoltaic panels would result in infinite efficiency. That doesn't make any sense. Edit: Also, when you take heat/energy from a previous step in the process, you also need to account for the energy put into that previous step. In the end that will again be As someone else already pointed out, this would be called Coefficient of Performance. Efficiency is clearly defined and cannot exceed 100% without breaking laws of physics. Call it "3.85 times more efficient than before" or something along those lines and it won't sound like a free energy claim.

Re: Simple, solar-powered water desalination (2020)

#120

FTA: "Unlike some desalination systems, there is no accumulation of salt or concentrated brines to be disposed of. In a free-floating configuration, any salt that accumulates during the day would simply be carried back out at night through the wicking material and back into the seawater, according to the researchers." The capabilities are freaking interesting, but let's say someone builds a big enough settlement on a…

I wonder if the fresh water used in such a way wouldn’t eventually be released back into the ocean thus somewhat mitigating the effect.
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