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Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

spacecraft.ssl.umd.edu

101–110 of 159 posts

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#101
>29. (von Tiesenhausen's Law of Program Management) To get an accurate estimate of final program requirements, multiply the initial time estimates by pi...

I discovered this when my father would come up with some project me and my siblings had to do, such as scrape, sand, prime and paint the house (which thinking back very likely had lead paint).

It would inevitably take roughly 3 times longer than he wanted it to take. And of course being an adult he'd throw a tantrum about it.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#102
> 35. (de Saint-Exupery's Law of Design) A designer knows that they have achieved perfection not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.

Virgil wrote the Aeneid by following this rule!

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#103

>29. (von Tiesenhausen's Law of Program Management) To get an accurate estimate of final program requirements, multiply the initial time estimates by pi... I discovered this when my father would come up with some project me and my siblings had to do, such as scrape, sand, prime and paint the house (which thinking back very likely had lead paint). It would inevitably take roughly 3 times longer than he wanted it to ta…

A friend used to say “take your estimate, double it, and add 50%.” It’s almost weird that “3x” seems to just be the universal rule.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#105
> Design is based on requirements. There's no justification for designing something one bit "better" than the requirements dictate.

I’m not sure the early Apollo astronauts would agree.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#106

Number 13. Design is based on requirements. There's no justification for designing something one bit "better" than the requirements dictate. Isn't that the margin for error? I want to go up in a ship that's a little better than the absolute minimum.

Good requirements include margins. In aerospace it's common to see[1] a system requirement that says "...shall supply a peak current of 1.0A for 1.0s", a general requirement somewhere else that says "...power supplies used for the purpose of X shall be designed to a margin of 1.5 for current and a margin of 2.0 for time", and a child of both that says "...shall supply a peak current of 1.5A for 2.0s, including margin…

A 1.5 factor of safety in aerospace? Outrageous. I’ll give you 1.1 and I’m being generous!

I’m kidding…

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#107

Earlier quoted context omitted.

A decade is a short period of time by human-rated-spaceflight standards.

So? Falcon wasn't a human spaceflight program during that time, and it was also over-schedule and over-budget anyway. The advice isn't "no new launch vehicles should ever be invented ever", it's "if you want your human spaceflight program to be on time and on budget, don't include a new launch vehicle in the plan"

> The advice isn't "no new launch vehicles should ever be invented ever", it's "if you want your human spaceflight program to be on time and on budget, don't include a new launch vehicle in the plan"

And that advice is being questioned. Starship aims at cost reduction which can't reasonably be achieved by incremental improvements to the status quo.

The "on time" part with Starship is what was formally promised to NASA with the Moon landing vehicle. This may - probably will - slip, but I currently doubt it will slip a lot. Other times regarding Starship are in the realm of estimates or wishful statements. The "on budget" part is something which I doubt even SpaceX accountants may answer - just as software engineers have troubles answering the time - and therefore budget - of a system to be delivered.

The law shows its age. On the other hand, it never claimed to be an absolute truth.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#108
post #30

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'd consider development of Crew Dragon to be rather fast - because, in the condition of a private development, it wasn't done before. Comparing to other spacecraft developments, in late 1950-s there was a race, USA vs. USSR, to put a man in space "soonest", and it took Soviets ~3.5 years from the launch of the Sputnik to send Gagarin to orbit. So, just a few short years... and a large government backing. Still, give…

Compare the budget of SpaceX to NASA's up to and through Mercury. NASA's experience was one of something never having been done before compared to the experience of SpaceX seeing many others doing it just needing to tweak the formula to make it affordable. Also, without NASA's burden of being a government pork/jobs program rather than being a streamlined process

You may underestimate the complexities and pace of development at SpaceX. And it can similarly be said that NASA's Mercury program was built on the shoulders of previous achievements in parachutes, heat shield, control etc. SpaceX does use the experience gained in the industry over half a century with a lot of efforts, but that doesn't mean they don't push the progress with their own work.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#109
post #93
post #22

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Late comparing to what? Maybe SpaceX will not make it ready for NASA's return to the Moon flights as it was planned. However those dates don't look too serious to me - what's the justification for them? I suspect they were specified fully understanding they can easily slip right. Over-budget - what's the planned budget? I suspect Elon Musk himself doesn't have pre-approved specific budget to develop Starship, which m…

So, it's not late because the dates weren't serious to begin with?

Yes, there weren't a lot of "formal" dates so far with Starship, the agreement to use it for Artemis Moon landing is one of exceptions. No dates - not late.

Re: Akin’s Laws of Spacecraft Design

#110
post #105

> Design is based on requirements. There's no justification for designing something one bit "better" than the requirements dictate. I’m not sure the early Apollo astronauts would agree.

If you need a spacecraft better than the requirements state than the requirements are shit and need to be redone. For example every human rated spacecraft after Apollo 1 should have a door which opens outwards, an interior atmosphere composed of mostly nitrogen and some oxygen, be comprised of flame retardant materials and have adequate fire suppression systems.
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