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The amazing progress of LEDs

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11–20 of 52 posts

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#11
post #9

He makes some dubious efficiency claims. It's true the colored LEDs have always been pretty efficient, but that's no use lighting your home. White LEDs have surpassed incandescent bulbs but still have a way to go to reach flourescent tubes and the grand-daddy of efficiency - gas discharge lamps. One (the?) reason for low power levels is they generate so much heat and are difficult to cool. LEDs are still primarily he…

I think you need to update your figures. High-end consumer luminaires have been coming in above 100 lm/watt total system efficiency for at least a year or so now, and with CRI superior to fluorescents.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#12
One interesting application for super-bright LED's is home theatre projectors. Until very recently such projectors used lamp modules (usually metal-halide) that typically have an operating lifespan of a few thousand hours at most. That's a very rough estimate. Failures can happen sooner and they occasionally implode. Also, brightness usually drops off gradually as lamps age. New lamp modules usually cost a few hundred dollars. These lamps also produce a large ammount of heat and require active cooling, which makes projectors noisy unless carefully designed for quiet operation. For these reasons, home theatre projectors probably remain more of a niche product than they might otherwise be.

LED based lamps are starting to show up in this market sector. Current LED-based projectors are mostly portable projectors that offer low brightness and poor image quality, but some home theatre models of decent quality are starting to appear. At present, they're expensive, less bright than most projectors based on traditional lamps, and still require fans for active cooling. However, as LED's become more power efficient and economical, these projectors will hopefully become brighter, passively cooled, and significantly cheaper.

Projectors are not appropriate in many environments, especially those with high ambient light levels, but LED's may help them make major inroads into the big-screen market.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#13

I'm genuinely curious whether new homes will start wiring lighting for DC to accommodate all these new LED bulbs? I just don't have a good sense whether its more efficient to transform AC to DC at a central hub in the home to distribute to all rooms, or more efficient to do it at the bulb itself.

The Emerge Alliance[1] is an industry group that has been working on this issue, though they've started with a spec for datacenters (as stephen_g alludes to). I think the consensus is that it is definitely more efficient to convert to DC at a single point, but one located as physically close to the loads as is practical, because of the line losses mentioned. Definitely something that will make sense for commercial buildings/campuses and multi-unit residential, and single family homes are not too far behind, I think. I can picture homes sometime soon just being wired for AC in the kitchen/garage/utility rooms with a LV DC grid elsewhere. The lower safety requirements for low-voltage really open up possibilities for system design and integration in the built environment.

http://www.emergealliance.org/About/Vision.aspx

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#14
post #9

He makes some dubious efficiency claims. It's true the colored LEDs have always been pretty efficient, but that's no use lighting your home. White LEDs have surpassed incandescent bulbs but still have a way to go to reach flourescent tubes and the grand-daddy of efficiency - gas discharge lamps. One (the?) reason for low power levels is they generate so much heat and are difficult to cool. LEDs are still primarily he…

I think you need to update your figures. High-end consumer luminaires have been coming in above 100 lm/watt total system efficiency for at least a year or so now, and with CRI superior to fluorescents.

Great news. I guess efficiency is following a similar rapid growth to power.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#15

I'm genuinely curious whether new homes will start wiring lighting for DC to accommodate all these new LED bulbs? I just don't have a good sense whether its more efficient to transform AC to DC at a central hub in the home to distribute to all rooms, or more efficient to do it at the bulb itself.

Interestingly, I'm looking to do exactly this in a new home (new to me, not newly constructed).

I'll soon be moving to a park home (a relatively-permanent mobile home) that is in need of a fair amount of renovation.

I'll be running all lighting, computers and the TV off 12v DV circuits powered by bank of vehicle batteries and where the batteries are charged from 12v solar panels.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#17

I'm genuinely curious whether new homes will start wiring lighting for DC to accommodate all these new LED bulbs? I just don't have a good sense whether its more efficient to transform AC to DC at a central hub in the home to distribute to all rooms, or more efficient to do it at the bulb itself.

Line losses through the cables are usually a killer with really low voltage DC (like 5V or 12V), so I think that AC would be more efficient there. But some datacentres are using 48V DC now and then just piping that through a switching regulators in the servers instead of going from AC to DC. That could be workable.

48V DC has been in multi-client data centres (Telehouse, TeleCity etc) for years. It's a standard voltage in telecoms kit. The data centre I was involved in building out back in 1999 got this as standard.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#18

I'm genuinely curious whether new homes will start wiring lighting for DC to accommodate all these new LED bulbs? I just don't have a good sense whether its more efficient to transform AC to DC at a central hub in the home to distribute to all rooms, or more efficient to do it at the bulb itself.

Interestingly, I'm looking to do exactly this in a new home (new to me, not newly constructed). I'll soon be moving to a park home (a relatively-permanent mobile home) that is in need of a fair amount of renovation. I'll be running all lighting, computers and the TV off 12v DV circuits powered by bank of vehicle batteries and where the batteries are charged from 12v solar panels.

Have you considered cabling loses? There is a reason power lines use very high voltages.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#19
Several years ago I designed 1,500 W LED-based light source using extremely tightly packed LED's. Thermal management was a huge challenge. It took over three months of constantly running FEA thermal tests as well as physical tests to zero-in on an innovative approach to cooling the array. Crazy project. The surface of the emitter was measured at over 60,000 candelas per square meter. You simply could not look at the thing directly, it was really dangerous, almost like working with lasers.

Re: The amazing progress of LEDs

#20
post #12

One interesting application for super-bright LED's is home theatre projectors. Until very recently such projectors used lamp modules (usually metal-halide) that typically have an operating lifespan of a few thousand hours at most. That's a very rough estimate. Failures can happen sooner and they occasionally implode. Also, brightness usually drops off gradually as lamps age. New lamp modules usually cost a few hundre…

For more stationary projectors, couldn't you just make a larger LED array and focus the light through a lens, rather than try to do cram super bright, and presumably expensive LEDs into a regular bulb sized package?
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