To expand on others' answers: In Clojure, \a is a Java character, :a is a Clojure keyword, and "a" is a Java string.
user=> (type \a)
java.lang.Character
user=> (type :a)
clojure.lang.Keyword
user=> (type "a")
java.lang.String
The only unusual thing is the keyword. Fogus and Houser say this: "Because keywords are self-evaluating and provide fast equality checks, they're almost always used in the context of map keys." But here you're back to checking equality of strings. Not sure if the same is true for ClojureScript.
You can also use them as functions to look up values in maps. For example:
user=> (:my-key {:other-key 1, :my-key 2})
2
There are other places they're used--for example, list comprehensions with `for`:
(for [x (range 10)
y (range 10)
:when (= x y)]
[x y])
=> ([0 0] [1 1] [2 2] [3 3] [4 4] [5 5] [6 6] [7 7] [8 8] [9 9])
In Clojure keywords are nice to have.