Slightly side question:
If JPG and video codecs already store information in terms of wavelets, frequencies, or whatever have you --
Are there any programs that will render JPG or videos at a higher-than-native resolution?
I know you're not gaining any extra signal. But if you have a 320x240 video, and you want to play it full-screen at 1280x960 -- instead of rendering at 320x240 and then naively upscaling 4x, would some kind of direct codec rendering to 1280x960 possibly produce more accurate results?
If the codec/format is doing a good job at extracting "meaning" from the original image for its compression, it seems like it ought to.