Live data from Hacker News

A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

maphappenings.com

11–20 of 212 posts

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#11
post #6

What is the style of UI used in that device and why did it have that characteristic angular look? I’ve seen it on other devices of the same vintage.

The style is an artifact/limitation of using a vector display.

Compare to today’s ubiquity of a raster display. Why did they choose to use a vector display? Maybe to decrease cost and avoid placing framebuffer memory? Maybe rendering maps directly to a vector display could be faster by skipping a rasterization process? Any other reason?

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#13
post #6

What is the style of UI used in that device and why did it have that characteristic angular look? I’ve seen it on other devices of the same vintage.

It’s a vector display.

Perhaps one of the most widespread device that used a vector display was the original Asteroids arcade game.

There’s a functioning machine at the Alamo Drafthouse in San Francisco (at least there was last time I went there), I can’t help but stare at it (and give a mini display history lesson to friends) every time I go. Those lines are just so crisp and bright and beautiful.

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#14
post #6

What is the style of UI used in that device and why did it have that characteristic angular look? I’ve seen it on other devices of the same vintage.

Yeah, it's always so cool looking. The device is using a CRT vector display, so instead of the CRT drawing each pixel row line by line, each shape on the screen is drawn one by one as small line segments. Curves are also possible, but you'd have to formulate the vector shape for it, which is harder than for straight lines.

It also looks even cooler in person, as the refresh rate is also really good due to the CRTs, if there's an old arcade close with Asteroids or similar early vector games I'd really recommend going to see it.

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#15
It is amazing that they got it to work as well as it did given how it was 15-20 years ahead of its time. Sure the unit ended up costing as much as the car it was mounted in, but given the limitations of the technology of the time that is simply amazing. To get an idea of how ahead of its time this is, it wouldn't be until a year after the release that High Sierra formatting for CD-ROMs would be proposed. A CD Drive would have added even more expense, but it should would have beat out swapping around dozens of cassettes.

I wonder how much memory it had. The contemporary PC-XT using the same chip started out with 128kb but could be expanded to 640kb. One can imagine it had to page data in and out of that slow cassette interface quite regularly as you're driving around.

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#16
etak (navigation): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etak_(navigation)

    a word of Micronesian origin for a distinctive cognitive and mnemonic approach to oceanic navigation and orientation involving a notional reference point or "island", called etak, and triangulation based on it.

    ... the use of a relative frame, in which the boat is considered to be at rest, while the etak moves.

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#17
The name is perfect. "Etak" refers to a system of navigation used by Micronesian and Polynesian seafarers to navigate from island to island in the vast Pacific Ocean. Much like this device, it operates by "augmented dead reckoning" (as it says in TFA).

The etak system of navigation involves navigating by stars and ocean swells to get the heading, but a key issue when navigating by dead reckoning over long distances is that if you're a fraction of a degree off you may miss your destination and never know it, so it's also vitally important to know how far you've gone. This is hard when there are no landmarks. The navigators estimated their distance by using intermediary islands off to the side, which they viewed as coming towards them (from their point of view, the navigator stays motionless on the open ocean while the world moves towards them) and past them. These reference islands were called etaks.

However, confusingly, the etaks were generally not visible, being beyond the horizon, and sometimes did not even exist. The navigators would have named etaks that they pictured being just over the horizon, whether they were there or not, and would track their procession past their boat. When the set number of etaks had passed, they would know they were in the vicinity of the destination island. If they were not at the right time of day for birds to be out, they would then hang out in the area waiting to spot the birds leaving or returning at dawn or dusk.

So the system involves dead reckoning plus a system of turning the navigators' own well-developed intuition of how far they had travelled into a formalized system of generally-invisible islands that they used as a mental model to externalize this intuition.

(My knowledge of this is from Cognition in the wild, Hutchins, E., 1995.)

Edit: D'oh, I should have finished TFA. This is described at the end, although more roughly.

Re: A curious phenomenon called 'Etak'

#20
Highly inspiring! Will share with my team (and I don't do that often!)

It seems that Etak was to navigation systems what Jodorowsky's Dune was to 1980s sci-fi: a trail blazing endeavour that was wild and wildly innovative, did not fulfill its intended mission but rather set up an entire field for subsequent success.

Also: the design must have included several masterpieces when considering the state of tech in the 1980s: even seeking to the right point on the map cassette is an untrivially hard problem.

Post reply on HN