Thermal storage works nicely with solar thermal plants. Not so good for direct electricity storage though.
Pretty inefficient, yes. Thermodynamics is a harsh mistress.
But if the other choice is "throttle down the wind farm, because the grid doesn't need that much power" - then a really cheap/simple/safe (but inefficient) storage tech could prove pretty useful.
Does this differ in design from the Finish sand battery from 2 years ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32006791
Yes, this involves higher temperature (the sand is stable up to ~1200 C) and transfer of heat from the sand to a working gas by means of Babcock & Wilcox's fluidized bed heat exchanger technology. This is a neat idea that intimately mixes the gas and sand for very rapid and compact heat transfer.
Using resistive heaters, round trip efficiency (back to electricity) is estimated to be around 52%.
> The sand used in the thermal energy storage (TES) system could be heated to the range of 1,100 C using low-cost renewable power. [...] when electricity is needed, the system will feed hot sand by gravity into a heat exchanger, which heats a working fluid, which drives a combined-cycle generator. So this is definitely not a "bury your heating coils in a sand dune, then connect..." technology. Quartz melts (per Wikip…
Huh, it intuitively seems like piping working fluid to the sand ought to be easier than moving the sand to the working fluid. Is the moving-sand approach fundamentally desirable thing (I can't imagine why) or is it just a simplification for the proof of concept?
Piping the working fluid to the sand means your pipes have to increase in size and cost as you add more sand. Dropping the sand into a heat exchanger means the heat exchanger doesn't increase in cost with the volume of sand.
I have wondered if this technology could be used in open loop mode where the sand is replaced with some material that you want to thermally process. For example, olivine particles that become more reactive with CO2 (for mineral carbonation for CO2 sequestration) after being heat treated. Run the particles though once and use them afterwards.
Thermal storage works nicely with solar thermal plants. Not so good for direct electricity storage though.
Pretty inefficient, yes. Thermodynamics is a harsh mistress. But if the other choice is "throttle down the wind farm, because the grid doesn't need that much power" - then a really cheap/simple/safe (but inefficient) storage tech could prove pretty useful.
Thermal storage works nicely with solar thermal plants. Not so good for direct electricity storage though.
Pretty inefficient, yes. Thermodynamics is a harsh mistress. But if the other choice is "throttle down the wind farm, because the grid doesn't need that much power" - then a really cheap/simple/safe (but inefficient) storage tech could prove pretty useful.
One can get higher round trip efficiency (practically, perhaps 65%) using pumped thermal storage. Here, one uses some thermal cycle in reverse to separate "cold" and "hot", then reverse that to discharge. This also reduces the maximum temperature needed to maybe 500 C, below the creep limit for cheap steel. The cold end would be maybe -100 C, stored in something like liquid hexane.
Pretty inefficient, yes. Thermodynamics is a harsh mistress. But if the other choice is "throttle down the wind farm, because the grid doesn't need that much power" - then a really cheap/simple/safe (but inefficient) storage tech could prove pretty useful.
Undecided did a couple of videos on this technology. It seems quite useful for heat storage - as other commenters have noted, it isn't that efficient for pure electric electric storage. * How a Sand Battery Could Change the Energy Game - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6ZrM-IZlTE * Sand Batteries for Home Usage - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVqHYNE2QwE
Pretty inefficient, yes. Thermodynamics is a harsh mistress. But if the other choice is "throttle down the wind farm, because the grid doesn't need that much power" - then a really cheap/simple/safe (but inefficient) storage tech could prove pretty useful.
How does this compared to pumped storage?
You can pump sand by bubbling compressed air through it.
Huh, it intuitively seems like piping working fluid to the sand ought to be easier than moving the sand to the working fluid. Is the moving-sand approach fundamentally desirable thing (I can't imagine why) or is it just a simplification for the proof of concept?
Storing & moving fine-grained bulk dry stuff is really old, cheap, & reliable technology - think of grain silos.
Yes, and under certain conditions sand is a fluid. Remember fluid !== liquid. Gases, liquids, and loose material can all be fuilds.