If it where me and I where starting out I would get an Arduino board and a book on C/C++ development for Arduino. The reason I would do this is because it is very much like the early days of PC development where you are closer to the hardware and the feedback loop is quick, it also cuts away the layers and layers of stuff that can be distracting in a less focused segment. While working through learning to develop on…
Would a Basic Stamp kit (from Parallax) be similar enough?
On a related note Hackerspaces tend to be great places to meet other programmers and many of them have quite active Adruino communities. http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/List_of_Hacker_Spaces
EDIT: grammer